HARVARD UNIVERSITY
FARLOW
REFERENCE LIBRARY ^
CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY
REJECTED FHOiW
■5
I
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A QUARTERLY RECORD OP
CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY
AND ITS LITERATURE.
Edited by M. C. COOKE, M.A., A.L.S.,
Author 'of ‘‘Handhooh of British Fungif’ Fungi, their usesf'4'c., Rust, Smut, Mildew, and Mouldf^ Sfc., ^c.
VOL. IX.
18 8 0-8 1.
WILLIAMS AND NOEGATE,
HENRIETTA STREET, COYENT GARDEN, LONDON j SOUTH FREDERICK STREET^ EDINBURGH.
LEIPZIG I F. A. BROCKHAUS. NEW YORK : WESTERMANN & CO.
NOV 2 2 1995
Farlow Reference Library
G,87
H, W. WOLFF, PRINTER, LEWES.
\'V,M\r4J W'O.IW'.'i
iM!
\]\mw
No. 49.]
[September, 1880.
A QUARTEELY RECORD OF CRYPTOOAMIC BOTANY AND ITS LITERATURE.
AUSTRALIAN FUNGI.
By C. Kalchbrenner and M. C. Cooke.
( Continued from Vol. viii. p, 154.)
Folypozus (IVIesopus) perdurans, Kaloh.
Totus ferrugineus, habitu toto Pol. perennis, Fr. ; sed pileus dense zonatus radiatimque striolatus, glaber, subnitens ; stipes curtus, ad basim bulbose incrassatus, velutinus ; pori mediocres, subangulati, acuti.
Tasmania boreali-orientalis (Mueller).
Pileus 1-1-^ unc. latus, stipes vix unciam longus, 4-5 mm. crassus. Hydnum (Apus) delicatulum, Klotsch. Fr.Ep., 515.
Pileo effuso-reflexo, coriaceo, tenui, margine reflexo, angusto, lutescente, pagina fertili albescente ; aculeis tenuissimis, regu- laribus, distantibus, fulvis punctata.
Richmond River (Mueller).
Aculei fere setacei.
Xrpex hexagonoides, KalcTi.
Totus albus. Pileus suberoso-coriaceus, postice porrectus (pen- dulus ?) pollicem circiter latus, inconspicue zonatus, molliter vil- losus, dentibus reticulo favaceo, eximie regulari impositis, foliaceis acutiusculis.
Richmond River (de Mueller).
Hymenium primo favaceum, ut in Hexagona, demum in dentes foliaceos, unilaterales elevatur.
Stereum semilugens, Kalch.
Membranaceum, subcsespitosum, sessile, lateraliter confluens. Pilei explanati, semiorbiculares, margine crebro lobati, ruditer tomentosi, demumve glabrescentes, zonati, e ferrugineo-umbrini ; hymenium Ise ve, glabrum, griseum, vetustate atro-cinereum, sub- tilissime rimulosum.
Rockhampton (Mueller).
Fere papyraceum, a Stereo membranaceo, Fr. et Stereo Boryano Fr., colore inconsueto distinctum.
Thelephora Archeri, Berh. in Tasmanian Flora.
On the ground. Delegate Hill (Mueller).
1
9
AUSTRALIAN FUNGI.
Corticium miniatum, Cke.
Effusum, adnatum, miniatum, ambitu fimbriato albicante ; hy- raenio subpulverulento, fatiscente ; subtus umbrino.
On bark. Queensland (Baron von Mueller).
When dry the hymenium resembles patches of dried blood, which cracks off and exposes the umber substratum.
Phallus (Cynophallus) papuasius, Kalch. Mutinus papuasius, K.,
in Grevillea iv., 74.
Peridio exteriori laxo, cum stipite gracili, subflexuoso, cavo, celluloso pallido. Receptaculum ovato-conicum, stipitem crassitic superans, laeviusculum, nigrum.
Australia. Queensland, prope Rockhampton, in terra, leg Thozet, com. de Mueller.
Phallus (Dictyophallus) auxantiacus, Montg., var. discolor, K.
Pedunculus cylindricus, subcequalis, celluloso-cribrosus, auran- tiacus, peridio ovato, albo, quintuplo longior ; pileus digitaliformis, praeter marginem liberum adnatus, apice primum clausus, dein pervius, tenuiter reticulato-rugosus, stipiti subconcolor, demum nigricans. Sporae ellipticae, *002 X *0015 mm. diam.
Australia orient, subtropica, ad Wigton (Mueller).
In specimine quod ad est (juniore) pileus griseo-lutescens est, in altero nigricans.
Phallus (Hymenophallus) tahitensis, ScMecht, Syn. Phallus Daemonum, Hooli. in Beechey Voy.,p. 78.
Pedunculus cylindricus, vix superne angustior, lacunis exiguis tectus ; laxe amictus velo ultra medium ejus dependente, undulato- plicato, interstitiis mediocribus, subrhombeis reticulato, basi integerrimo ; pileus ovalis, medio crassior, apice late perdius, dense reticulato-rugulosus, basi membrana brevi, plicatula cinctus, pedun- culo paullulum latior, volva angustior.
N. S. Wales. Richmond River (Mueller).
Differt a Ph. Dcemonum, Rumph., velo longiore, laxius reticulato pileoque fusco-nigro nec gilvo.
ANTHURUS, n. gen., Kalch. et JU. On.
Volva ovata, truncata, vel leviter lobata ; stipes cylindricus sursum dilatatus, late pervius, in 7-8 lacinias simplices, lanceolatas divisus ; stratum sporiferum paginam interiorem laciniarum totam occupans.
Genus Lysuri stipitem ore-plus-minus constrictum (nec late pervium) habet et lacinias numero pauciores, 4-5. In Aseroe et Calathisco stratum sporiferum moro hasim laccinarum occupat ; ceterum-si libet Antliurus. Lysuro ut subgenus adjungi potest. Anthuxus Mullexianus, Kalchb.
Volva basi coma densa radiculorum aucta; pedunculus inferne tenuis, sursum cupulari, vel subinfundibuliformi dilatatus ; luteo- rubescens ; lacinise octo, basi sinu discretas, erecto-patentes, apice recurvatas, lanceolatse, pagina interne sinuloso-rugosa, rubra ; massa sporifera atra.
Australia (Mueller).
Volva 2 cent, alta, IJ cent, lata, exsiccatione fuscescens, intus
AUSTRALIAN FUNGI.
3
nigricans glabra. Pedunculus 4 cent, altus, prope basim vix 5 mm. crassus, superne ad 2 cent, dilatatus, parum rugulosus, haud cellulosus. Laciniae 2-2|- cent, longse, basi 5 mm. latae, ut in Tulipa aut Lilio recurvatae et sic quodammodo florem referentes.
Geaster vittatus, Ealchhr.
Peridium exterius membranaceo-coriaceum fornicatum, in octo circi ter lobos regulares, ex ovato, longe acuminatos, fissum ; pagina ejus inferior (externa) subglabra, alutacea, longitudinaliter rimosa, ut albo-vittata appareat ; superior (interna) strato carnoso, tenui, continuo (haud rimoso) tecta, cinereo-fusca. Peridium interius globosum, sessile, ore late conico, fimbriato-ciliato, fuscidulum. Sporae cum capillitio denso, fuscee, subtiliter echinulatae, minutae, •0'003 mm. diam.
Australia (Mueller).
Mediocris, peridio interiori 2 cent, lato, exteriori, lobis expansis, 9 cent. Rimae in pagina inferiori peridii externi, non ut in G. MichelianOf ramoso-anastomosantes, sed simplices, lineares, sub- parallelae.
Geaster striatulus, K. (G. striatus, var. minor.)
Minimis. Peridio exteriori paucifido, extus furfuraceo, ferru- gineo, interiori subsessili, subconoideo-globoso, pallescente; orc prominente conico, sulcato. Sporae *005 mm. diam., cum capillitio cinereo-fuscae.
Australia. Spencer’s Golf ; leg. Tepper (Mueller).
Nucis avellanae magnitudine, laciniae peridii exterioris 6. Mi- nutie potissimum et indumento peridii exterioris furfuraceo, a G. striato conspicue differt.
Battarea lillulleri, Kalchbr.
Tota alba, e sporis delapsis demum ferruginea. Peridium ex- terius in nostro specimine deest ; interius campanulato-mitratum, insidens stipiti solido, longissimo, sursum leniter incrassato, palea- ceo squamoso ; paleis subimbricatis, lineari-lanceolatis, deorsum directis (pendulis). Sporae globosae, verruculosae, *004 mm. diam., cum fibris curtis fragilibus, spiralibus, parce intermixtis, pure ferrugineae.
Australia. Spencer Golf ; leg. Tepper (Mueller).
Species mirabilis generis miri I Pileus 3-4 cent, latus ; stipes ad 30 cent, longus, basi apice 1 cent, crassus. A. congeneribus B. phalloides Fr., B. Steveni, Fr., B. Gaudichaudii, Mont., jam stipite suo, toto squamis paleaceis vestito, optime differt.
Lycoperdon (Globaria) mundula, Kalch.
Peridium, velo floccoso, disparente, glabrum, album, nucis avel- lanae magnitudine; sporae cum capillitio carneo-rufse, *004 mm. diam.
Austral. Donald, leg. Dr. Curdie.
A simile Gl. pusilla (Pers.) praesertim colore sporarum differt.
PHELLORZNA, Berkl. (ertiend.J
Peridium lentum, persistens, subcroso-corticatum, irregulariter dehiscens, includens massam conglomeratam sporarum globo-
4
AUSTRALIAN FUNGI.
sarum, floccis paucis, hyalinis immixtis. Stipes validus, solidus sublignosus, demum cavus.
Cei. Berkeley, qui pro Phellorina sua, stipitem cavum poscit, ipse monet, se unicum modo specimen vetustum fungi hujus vi- disse ; cum vero specimina plura, nuperius e regione Capensi allata et characteres generis hujus reliquos praB se ferentia, stipite solido gaudeant, conjicere licet, cavitatem stipitis modo fortuitam, a ve- tustate pendentem esse. Nec color sporarum flavus, inter char- acteres generis recipiendus videtur.
Phellorina strobilina, Kalchbr. (Scleroderma strobilina, K., in
Grevill., iv.,74;.')
Peridio globoso-depresso, superne squamis validis, angulatis, munito, glabro pallido, demum rimose dehiscente ; stipite solido, sublignoso, nudo, sursum dilatato ; sporarum massa, a stipite dis- tincta, cinereo-fuscescens. Sporae globosae, verruculosse, vix pellu- cidae, ‘005 mm. diam.
Queensland. Eockhampton. Thozet, No. 722 (Mueller).
Peridium 5-6 cent. diam, stipes 3-4 cent, longus, 1-1 1 cent, crassus ; parietes peridii 2-3 mm. crassi ; squamae areolatae frus- tulatim delabentes.
Dehiscendi modo et colore sporarum a genuinis Phellorinis differt ; hinc facile novum genus.
Valsa echidna, Cke.
Erumpens. Peritheciis (10-20) in stroma nivea pulverulenta nidulantibus. Ostiolis cylindricis, elongatis, flexuosis, exsertis. Ascis numerosissimis, clavatis, minimis (•02-*025 x *006 mm.). Sporidiis tenuibus, curvulis, hyalinis (.004 mm. long).
On bark (Baron von Mueller).
A most distinct and characteristic species, in habit resembling Valsa Sallies, Berk.
BREAKING OF THE MERES.
Pi/ W. Phillips, F.L.S.
Several of the Shropshire Meres are subject at this time of year to, what is locally known, as “ breaking,'^ which consists of a thick green scum being formed on the surface of the water, which lasts for a period of a week or more. It is a well-known fact amongst fishermen that it is utterly useless attempting to fish while the water is in this state, for the fish are said to be sick, and will not take the bait. If the cause of this “ breaking ” of the Meres be inquired about on the spot various opinions are expressed. Some people attribute it to the seeds of aquatic plants with which they suppose the water becomes filled, which, as we shall presently see, is not very far from the truth, G. Christopher Davies, in his little book.
GREVILLEA
PL 134.
a~d. Echinella articulatau. e-g'. Jlnabaena circinalis.
BREAKING OF THE MERES.
5
“ Mountain, Meadow, and Mere,” suggests that it may be caused by the American weed (^Anacharis alsinastruni) , but, unfortunately for this opinion, the “ breaking ” was observed long before the American weed became naturalised in Britain. The real cause of this phenomenon, so far as the Ellesmere Mere is concerned, is the rapid growth of a minute Alga {Echinella articulata, Aq.), which, multiplying at an astonishing rate, forms a dark green slimy scum which floats on the surface of the water. This Alga was figured in English Botany, tab. 2,555, so long ago as 1804, but I am not aware that any figure has been published of it since then, and that fails to give the precise structure. It is strange that Dr. Eaben- horst makes no mention of this plant in his “ Flora Europaae Algarum,” although our British Manuals give an adequate description of the species (vid “ English Flora,” v. V., p. 498 ; Harvey’s Manual of British Algse,” p. 187).
Having been informed by a friend that a large pool at Hawk- stone, the seat of the Rt. Hon. Viscount Hill was “ breaking,” I obtained, through the kindness of Lord Hill, a bottle of the water for examination, and was much surprised to find that the cause of the ‘‘ breaking ” in this pool was a totally different species of Alga. If I am not mistaken, it is Anabaena circinatis, Rabh., “ Flo. Eur. Alg.,” sec. II., p. 183, which is, possibly the same as Anabaena flos-aquce, Bory. It consists of moniliform filaments, curved in a corkscrew form, composed of nearly spherical cells, *005, containing green chlorophyl, with here and there a colourless cell, slightly larger than the others. These colourless cells are joined to a large oblong ovate cell, *015 x *007 mm., replete with a dark green chlorophyl in coarse granules. These large cells drop to the bottom of the vessel containing the water, surviving the decay of the rest of the filament. The colourless cells probably part with their chlorophyl to these larger oblong cells.
DESCRIPTION OF PLATE, 134.
Fig. a. — Echinella articulata, nat. size. Filaments, 0‘7 mm. long.
Fig. h. — Single plant enlarged about 70 times.
Fig. c. — Filaments more highly magnified, each with a spherical cell at the base, ‘OOS-'O! mm., filled with chlorophyl.
Fig. d. — Spherical cells, with very thin walls filled with minute granules, in an active state of motion. These cells soon become empty, and the fractured remains of the cell membrane remain. I have only seen these cells once.
Fig. e. — Anabaena circinalis, Rabh., nat. size.
Fig. /. — Groups of filaments.
Fig. g. — Single filament, showing large oblong cells, with the two adjacent colourless cells.
6
CALIFORNIAN FUNGI.
By M. C. Cooke and Dr. Harkness.
This is a first instalment of a collection of abont four hundred numbers, made during the past year by Dr. Harkness. Species already described have not been enumerated, except in rare in- stances where a record has been considered advisable.
Phoma Hosackiae, c. Sf Hh.
Sparsa, punctiformis, subtecta, atra. Sporis cylindrico- ellipticis, utrinque rotundatis, hyalinis ('01- 012 X '003 mm.).
On stems oi Hosachia glabra. (1424.)
Chaetophoma atziella, Q. Hk.'
Atra, effusa, velutina. Hyphis erectis, simplicibus, flexuosis, cum conidiis ellipsoideis, 1-2 septatis. Conceptaculis globosis ('8-’18' mm.), brunneis, membranaceis. Sporis minutis, ovatis (.004 X *003 mm.).
On bark of Acer macrophyllum. (1549.)
Vezxnlculazia subglabza, 0. ^ Hk.
Sparsa, epidermide nigrofacto tecta. Peritbeciis subapplanatis, aliis glabris, aliis pilis sparsis brevibus cristatis. Sporis lunatis, hyalinis, trinucleatis (*02 mm. long).
On stems of Helianthus. (1599.)
Septozla helianthicola, C. ^ Hk.
Peritbeciis semi-immersis, atris, maculis nigris formantibus.
Sporis rectis vel flexuosis, linearibus, achrois (•03-*035 x '001 mm.).
On stems of Helianthcs. (1600.)
Discella olivacea, C. d: Hk.
Sparsa, atro-olivacea, cupulseformis (-^ mm. diam). Sporis
ellipticis, utrinque sub-attenuatis, olivaceis, integris ('014 x ‘007 mm.).
On stems of Nettle (?). . (1325.)
Discella tenulspora, Cke. ds Hk.
Sparsa, atro-viridis, punctiformis, applanata, margine leniter elevato (|-i mm. diam.). Sporis rectis, cylindraceis, obtusis, hyalinis ('02 X '0025 mm.).
On Juncus. (1301.)
Diplodia microscoplca, C. Sf Hk.
Sparsa, tecta. Peritbeciis minimis, vix conspicuis. Sporis
ellipticis, pallide fuscis, uniseptatis, leniter constrictis ('01 x '003 mm.).
On stems of Cynoglossum. (1267.)
Diplodia zhuina, C. d: Hk.
Sparsa, erumpens. Peritbeciis subglobosis, atris. Sporis ellipticis, uniseptatis, nec constrictis, brunneis ('025-'028 X '01-'012 mm.).
On stems of Bhus triloba, mth an immature Sphaeria. (1328 a.)
CALII-ORNIAN' FUNGI.
7
Hendersonia gallorum, C. 4"
Sparsa, atra, prominulis, demum erumpens. Sporis subellipticis, utrinque attenuatis, fuscis, triseptatis, cellula penultima longi- tudinaliter divisa (*02 X *008 mm.).
On stem of Galium. (1389.)
Dichomera Fhaceliae, C. 4
Sparsa, atra, erumpens, opaca, obtusa.* Sporis subglobosis, vel breviter ellipticis, atro fuscis, transverse et longitudinaliter 1-2 septatis (*012 X *009 mm.).
On stems of Phacelia. (1427.)
Sometimes the spores are so opaque that the septa are not evident.
Dichomera compositarum, C. 4
Sparsa, erumpens, atra, opaca, obtusa. Sporis ovatis 2-3 sep- tatis, merenchymatis, atro-fuscis, demum opacis (-02 x *014 mm.). On stems of Artemisia and Achillea. (1238, 1367, 1537.)
Glaeosporium leguminis, C. 4
Tectum, sparsum. Sporis ovalibus, hyalinis, in massam gelati- nosam effluentibus (*012 X *006 mm.).
On legumes. (1203.)
Torula glutinosa, C. 4
Epiphylla. Maculis atris orbicularibus. Hyphis ramosis vel furcatis, brunneis. Articulis subquadratis ('0065 mm. diam.).
On leaves of Eriodictyon glutinosum. (1442.)
Allied to Torula plantaginis.
Coleosporium haccharidis, C. & Hk.
Epicaulinum. Soris elongato-erumpentibus (1 cm.) aurantiis, pulverulentis. Sporis concatenatis, demum liberis, ellipticis, gra- nulatis (*05 x *02 mm.).
On living twigs of Baccharis. (1257.)
With the habit of Coleosporium pingue j the spores when free are attenuated towards each extremity.
Macrosporum culmorum, C. 8f hTk.
Fuligineum, effusum, subcrustaceum. Hyphis flexuosis, simpli- cibus furcatisve, fuscis. Sporis clavatis, 3-4 septatis, hinc illic loculis divisis (*04 *05 X *018 mm.).
On culms of maize. (1200, 1232, 1199.)
It is very difficult to characterize the closely-allied forms in this genus, but the present may perhaps be considered entitled to rank as distinct.
Trichaegum atrum, Preuss. in Sturm Deutsch Flora.
Sporis Isevibus (•018-*02 mm. diam.).
On stems of Scrophularia. (1663.)
Trichaegum opacum, G. dsHk.
Effusum, atrum. A cervulis minutis ; floccis erectis, subflexu- osis, simplicibus, atro-fuscis. Sporis subglobosis, angulato-cellu- losis, atris, opacis, minute granulosis (-025 mm, diam.).
On wood of Acer macrophyllum.
(1556.)
8
CALIFORNIAN FUNGI.
Fusarium gallinaceum, C. 4' SJt.
Aiirantium, tremelloideum, convexum. Hyphis furcato-ramosis. Sporis fusiformibus, curvulis, utrinque acutis, nucleatis (•04-*05 X '003 mm.).
On chicken feathers. • (1292.)
Leotia ochzoleuca, C. Sf HJc.
Sparsa, tremellosa. Pileo carnoso, convexo, undulato, ochro- leuco ; margine involuto. Stipite albo, gracili, flexuoso (1 inch). Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis cylindricis, curvulis, nucleatis (*025 x *002 mm.). Paraphysibus quandoque curvatis, hinc illic furcatis. On damp ground. (1371.)
Allied to L. circinans^ hut sporidia only half as long.
Stictis decipiens, Karst. Myc. 'Penn.
Sporidiis *12 mm. long.
On Artemisia.
Stictis xadiata, var. pumila.
Sporidiis •23-*25 mm. long.
On Mimulus glutinosa.
Stictis annulata, Cke. d; Phil.
Sparsa, orbicularis. Cupulis depressis (•3-’5 mm. diam.). Mar- gine albo, integro, annulato. Hymenio ochraceo vel pallido. Ascis elongato-cylindricis. Sporidiis filiformibus, subflexuosis (*16-* 18 mm. long).
On bark of Lonicera. (1213, 1310.)
This species had previously been found in Britain by Mr. Phillips, and seems to be distinct from any form of S. radiata.
Ascomyces fulgens, C. 4"
Bullatum. Maculis irregularibus, laete aurantiaceis, contortis. Ascis brevibus. (?) Sporidiis subglobosis ( 0035 mm. diam.).
On living leaves of Arctostaphylos. (1513.)
Apparently but few sporidia in each ascus, but this could not be accurately determined, as the asci were dissolved, and the sporidia agglomerated in groups of 6 to 8.
Sphsezia (Fleospora) labiataxum, C. 4 SJt.
Sparsa, atra, semitecta. Peritheciis. F. herbario minoribus. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis uniseriatis, ellipticis, succineo-flavi- dis, triseptatis. Locula pen ultima longitudinaliter divisa (.025 x •01 mm.).
On stems of Marrubium vulgare. (1488.)
Sphaeria epiptezidis, C. 4 F.k.
Sparsa, tecta, vel erumpens et semi-immersa, atra. Ascis cla- vatis, sessilibus. Sporidiis fusiformibus, hyalinis, 3-5 septatis (•022-’025 X '005 mm. diam.).
On stipes of F teris aquilina. (1288, 1290.)
Sphaezella bzachytheca, C. d Hh.
Peritheciis sparsis, tectis, exiguis (*06 mm. diam.), membrana- ceis. Ascis ovatis (-02 x *016 mm.). Sporidiis ellipticis, hyalinis, uniseptatis (-008 x *004 mm.).
On stems of Convolvulus. (1382.
(1368.)
(1323.)
CAf.TFOriNlAN FUNGI.
‘J
Sphaerella azaliae, C. & Hh.
Peritheciis gregariis, brunneis, membranaceis, epidermide tectis, in maculis orbicularibus congestis. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis ellipticis, hyalinis, uniseptatis (-01 x *004 mm.).
On stems of Aralia californica. (1246.)
Sphaerella dendzomeconis, C. 4" Bh
Minima, sparsa, epidermide tecta. Peritheciis membranaceis, brunneis. Sporidiis biseriatis, ellipticis, hyalinis, uniseptatis, cel- lula infra tenuior (’016 x *005 mm.).
On stems of Dendromecon rigidum. (1386.)
Sphaezella acaciae, C. ETc.
Epiphylla, subgregaria. Peritheciis membranaceis, epidermide tectis. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis biseriatis, hyalinis, sublanceolatis, medio constrictis, uniseptatis, binucleatis (*025 X *007 mm.).
On leaves of Acacia. (1415.)
The sporidia appear to become ultimately triseptate, but too in- distinct to be included in the diagnosis.
SAPROLEGNIA FERAX.
The subject of the salmon disease still occupies the attention of the Fishery Commissioners, and we observe that a paper on the subject has been read at the Dumfriesshire Natural History Society, in which it is maintained that the disease is aggravated, if not caused, by the presence of a vast number of bacteria in the flesh of the diseased spots. Mr. Rutherford writes : — “ Sections of the muscle, when placed under the microscope, were seen to be literally one mass of life ; that life being a species of Bacteria. They are small discoid-looking bodies, which in this case I find embedded in, and moving amongst, the striated muscle fibre of the fish, and when by pressure or otherwise they are forced into the surround- ing fluid, they have a power of motion, moving mostly in a sort of circular direction. In some fish that I have examined, I ob- served that the muscle was almost detached from the strong fibro- muscle layer of the skin, and the muscle fibres of that layer were not adhering together as in their natural state, and could be separated from each other like threads by the needle. Whether that diseased condition of that part of the skin was caused by the state of the muscle immediately below it, or by the fungus on the surface, I am not in a position to say.” Afterwards he says : — ‘‘ The disease was located in the muscle of the fish, and I also have some idea that it will be found to commence in the blood, caused either by the food they eat, or by some deleterious solution in the water which passes through the gills; and that the unhealthy decaying fluid or matter which will naturally pass off from those Bacteria, and exude through the pores of the skin, forms a healthy
10
SAPROLKGNIA FERAX.
and proper nidus for the gernunation of the zoospores of the fungus, which must be in those affected rivers in myriads.”
It would be some consolation to the mycologist if, after all, he could feel convinced that this fatal salmon disease was not primarily caused by the Saprolegnia. But there are very grave doubts whether these Bacteria are not more probably the result of a certain disintegration of the substance of the flesh caused by the mycelium of the Saprolegnia, than a preliminary depravity of the flesh inducing the subsequent development of the fungus. How- ever much we may dislike the conclusion that a fungus is the principal cause of so much mischief, I fear that we must accept the force of evidence which goes to show that the Saprolegnia appears to be the great destructive agent in this disease. It may be true, and undoubtedly is, that the constitution of the fish is in a low condition, that it is debilitated, and powerless to resist the fungoid attacks; and that this condition may be the result of various secondary causes ; but the theory that Bacteria in the flesh is the primary cause, though it may be a new suggestion, can scarcely be accepted as a true one. The coincidence should be borne in mind, even if it is no more than a coincidence, that in all the great instances of devastating fungal disease, there has been an undoubtedly weakened constitution in the subject, caused by overcultivation, and in-breeding, preliminary to the attacks. Such was the case in the silkworm, and it fell a prey to “muscar- dine.” In the potato, and it succumbed to ^the Peronospora. In the vine, and it became a victim to Oidium. May we not add also, in the salmon, ere it was devastated by the Saprolegnia ; and it may yet be to the onion in Europe, and the poppy in India, unless the thi'eatened misfortune should be averted.
EXOTIC FUNGI.
By M. C. Cooke.
The following small collections from various localities are chiefly in the Herbarium of the Royal Gardens at Kew : —
Venezuela.
The following specimens were sent by Dr. Ernst as illustrations of the diseases of the Coffee Plant. Only one is really destruc- tive, and that has been previously described. We regret that we cannot accede to his view that it is a condition of a species of Erysiphe.
Felliculazia Koleroga, Cke. in Grevillea.
On leaves of Coffea arahica. Venezuela (Dr. Ernst).
This is the Erysiphe? scandens, Ernst. We have failed in find- ing the concatenate conidia and pycnidia as described by Dr. Ernst.
EXOTIC FUNGI.
11
In habit it is less dense, but differs in no other respect from the Mysore specimens.
Leptostroxna discoldea, Cke,
Epiphylla, punctiformis, sparsa, convexa, atra. Sporis minutis, linearibus, hyalinis, rectis (‘006 mm. long).
On leaves of Coffea arahica. Venezuela (Dr. Ernst). Resembling externally a minute species of Microthyrium.
Toxula Sphaerella, Cke.
Gregaria, atra. Caespitulis sphaeriseformibus, sub-globosis, com- pactis. Sporis cylindraceis, quinque- articulatis, constrictis, brun- neis, •018-‘02 x *004 mm., cellulis subquadratus, nec facile dis- silientibus (‘004 mm. diam.).
On leaves of Coffea arahica. Venezuela (Dr. Ernst).
Stilbum flavidum, Cke.
Pallido-flavidum, gracile ; capitis globosis, stipitibus flexuosis, tenuibus. Sporis minimis, sub-globosis (*0015 nim. diam.).
On leaves of Coffea arahica. Venezuela (Dr. Ernst).
Seated, several together, upon pallid spots, similar to, and in company with, Spheerella coffeicola.
Sphaexella coifeicola, Cke.
Maculae pallidae, subrotundatfe, margine brunneo (J-1 cm.). Peritheciis paucis, sparsis, immersis, atro-fuscis, minimis. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis fusiformibus, arcte constrictis, uniseptatis, binucleatis, hyalinis (025 X *0045 mm.).
On leaves of Coffea arahica. Venezuela (Dr. Ernst).
Not more than two or three perithecia scattered over a roundish pallid spot. Sometimes the Stilhum occupies the same spot.
Paraguay.
Collected by M. Balansa.
Meliola fuxcata, Lev. Ann. Sci. Nat.
On leaves. (No. 1291.)
Txiblidium rufulum, Spreng.
On branches. (No. 1276.)
Nectria coccinea, Fr.
On bark. (No. 1287.)
Xylarla grammica, Mont.
On wood. (No. 2709.)
Piiccinia pilocarpi, Cke.
Amphigena. Soris magnis, bullatis, in annulis confluentibus, purpureo-brunneis. Pseudosporis elongato-ellipticis, constrictis, laevibus, laete brunneis (*045-*055 X *02-’025 mm.). Pedicellis hyalinis, elongatis.
On leaves of Pilocarpus Selloanus. Paraguay (Balansa, 1290).
12
EXOTIC FUNGI.
Stereum xanthellum, Che.
Coriaceo-membranaceum, ochraceo-flavidum ; pileo infundibuli- formi, glabro, opaco, leniter subzonato ; margine undulato ; stipite deorsum attenuato, tenui ; hymenio pruinoso, concolori.
On wood. (No. 2700.)
Resembling S. elegans, Fr., in size and form, but very different in colour and texture. It has very much the appearance of new wash leather. Stem about the same length as the pileus, about one inch.
Brazil.
Polyposus (Pleuzopus) sanguineus, Fr.
On wood. Rio Janeiro. (Glaziou, 11767.)
Polyposus (Placodesmei) Austsalis, Fr.
On wood. Rio Janeiro. (Grlaziou, .)
Polyposus (Placodesmei), ulmasius, Fr.
On wood. Rio Janeiro. (Glaziou, 11772.)
Polyposus (Placodesmei) latesitius, Che.
Pileo suberoso-lignoso, explanato, diinidiato-sessili, sublateritio, concentrice viridi-zonato, postice tuberculoso duro, opaco ; intus molli, leete lateritio ; poris minutis rotundis confluenti-stratosis, ferrugineo-fuscis mm. diam.).
On wood. Rio Janeiro. (Glaziou, 11770.)
Pileus 8 to 10 inches by 4 to 5 inches, and two inches thick behind. Perennial. Internally of a bright brick red, or almost orange red ; somewhat of the colour of a red-fleshed melon. Substance beneath the hard horny cuticle not at all fibrous ; soft, but firm ; not so dense as in P. ulmarius. With a sharp knife it may be cut in slices almost as thin as paper. Pores smaller than in P. fomentarius.
Tsametes ochscflava, Che.
Ubique ochraceo-flavida ; pileo suberoso, compacto, convexo applanato-ve, tuberculoso ; margine saepe concentrice sulcato ; intus concolore ; poris subrotundis, minutis, aequalibus, ochraceis.
On trunks. Rio Janeiro. (Glaziou, 11769.)
Pileus 3 to 10 inches by 2 to 5 inches, and from ^ to 1 inch thick behind. Often imbricated. Pores |^th mm. diam. Internally concentrically zoned. Tubes half an inch long, or more, according to the thickness of the pileus.
Japan.
Polyposus (Placodesmei) glaucotus, Che.
Pileo suberoso-lignoso, applanato, concentrice sulcato, glabro, • nitido cinereo, postice gibbo; intus molli fibroso, rhabarbarino- fusco. Poris rotundis, minutis, brevibus, cinn am orneis.
Oli wood. Japan. (Mr. C. Welford).
EXOTIC FUNGI.
13
Often imbricated, or with a short stem. Sometimes three or four short stems arise from a hard tuberiform mass, the size of a hen’s egg, which is of the same substance as the pileus. Pilei 3 by 2 inches ; 1^ inches thick at the base. Attenuated to the thin margin, which is of a shining blue-grey.
Polypozus (Flacodezmei) concentricus, Qke,
Pileo lignoso, subapplanato, Isevi remote concentrice sulcato, fusco, purpureo-fasciato, intus duro, pallido, zonato. Poris minutis, rotundis mm. diam.) ochraceis, demum, cinnamomeis.
On wood. Locality uncertain.
Pileus 7 by 5 inches ; 1^ inches thick behind. Tubes nearly half the thickness. Substance wood-coloured ; concentrically zoned* Externally the pileus is variegated with numerous concentric purple lines. Somewhat resembling P. fasciatus^ Fr.
India.
The following have been received from Dr. Aitcheson and Mr. Duthie : —
Fodaxon calyptratus, Fr Sys. Myc.
On the ground. Punjab (Dr. Aitcheson).
Eaten by the natives.
Helvella crispa, Fr. Cke. Myco. f. 159.
On the ground. Punjab (Dr. Aitcheson).
This is acknowledged as an edible species in Europe.
Agaricus (Lepiota) excoriatus, Schoeff. t 19.
On the ground. Punjab (Dr. Aitcheson).
Geaster hygrometricus, Fr. Sys. Myc.
On the ground. Saharunpore (Mr. Duthie).
Fhyllosticta marmorata, Cke.
Maculis niveis, numerosissimis, hinc illic confluentibus. Peri- theciis paucis (1-2) semi-immersis, punctiformibus, brunneis. Sporis ellipticis, hyalinis ( 005 mm. long).
On leaves of Mallotus Philippinensis. Saharunpore (Duthie).
Persia.
Collected in Kurdistan, Luristan, &c., by Dr. Haussknecht
Asteroma haussknechtiae, Cke.
Peritheciis atris, minimis, in maculis nigris irregularibus con- gestis. Sporis arcte ellipticis, hyalinis (*006 mm. long).
On faded leaves of Haussknechtia. Luristan (Dr. Haussk- necht).
Fuccinia achilleae, Cke.
Epiphylla. Soris discoideis, erumpentibus, purpureo-brunneis ; pseudo-sporis elongato-ellipticis, brunneis, constrictis (*05 X *025 mm.), episporis leniter granulatis, pedicellis hyalinis, elongatis, ^obustis. Protosporis n. v.
On Achillcea albicaulis. Kurdistan.
u
EXOTIC FUNGI.
Fuccinia gundeliae, Cke.
Ampliigena. Soris orbicularibus, sparsis, brunneis. Proto- sporis globosis, fuscis, granulatis (*028-’03 mm.). Teleutosporis immixtis late ellipsoideis vel difformibus (•032-*035 x *02 mm.), laevibus ; pedicellis brevissimis.
On Gundelia Tournefortii. Kurdistan.
Fuccinia heterophylla, Cke.
Hypopbylla, vel ampbigena. Boris applanatis, suborbicularibus , brunneis, pulverulentis, dense gregariis. Protosporis globosis, laevibus, pallide fuscis (•02-'022 mm.). Teleutosporis, in soris immixtis obscurioribus, ellipticis, vix constrictis, brunneis (*03- •032 X *02 mm.), laevibus; pedicellis brevissimis.
On Serratula heterophylla. Kurdistan.
Fuccinia Jurineae, Cke.
Epiphylla. Soris discoid eis, atro-fuscis, sparsis. Teleuto- sporis ellipticis, constrictis, laete brunneis (*05 X ’03 mm.), epis- porio laevi ; pedicellis gracilis, hyalinis, elongatis (circa *08 mm. long). On Jurinea. Beg Dagh,
Melampsori Lini, lui. Ann. Sci. Nat.
On Linum austriacum. Luristan.
IMEelampsoxa Euphorbiae, Tui. Ann. Sci. Nat.
On E. falcata.
Uromyces gypsophilae, Cke.
Hypopbylla, vel caulina. Soris orbicularibus, atro-fuscis, magnis. Pseudosporis subglobosis, intense fuscis (•025--027 mm.). Episporio verruculoso, pedicellis evanidis. Protosporis n. v.
On Gypsophila. Kurdistan.
Natal.
Communicated by Mr. J. M. Wood, of Inanda : —
Agaricus (Collybia) dryophilus, Ft. prox.
On the ground.
Trametes funalis, Fr. Epicr., p. 459.
On wood.
Cladoderxis Australica, Berk.
The pileus of a dark umber brown.
On wood.
Fhysarum cinereum, Batsch.
On grasses.
JEcidium aroideum, Cke. in Grevillea.
On leaves of Stylochiton.
Coleosporium ochraceum, FcU.
On leaves of Agrimonia.
Fuccinia hydrocotyles C^Tont.).
Protosporis {Vredo hydrocotyles, M.) immixtis. Teleutosporis ellipticis, leniter constrictis, brunneis (*03 x *02 mm.). Epis- porio Icevi, pedicellis elongatis.
On Hydrocotyle.
(No. 434.) (No. 433.)
(No. 239.) (No. 429.) (No. 114.) (No. 432.)
(No. 450.)
EXOTIC FUNGI.
15
Darluca filum, Cast.
On leaves of Vigna marginata. (No. 115.)
Meliola bifida, Clce.
Epiphylla vel cauligena, atra, effusa, velutina. Conceptaculis globosis. Appendiculis erectis, ad apicem bifidis ; ramulis brevis, acutis. Sporidiis cylindricis, obtusis, quadri-septatis, leniter con- strictis, brunneis (*05 X *012 mm.).
On Osiridocarpus Natalensis.
New Zealand.
Communicated by Mr. F. Kirk : —
Polypoxus (Anodexmei) cinnabaxinus, Fr.
On wood.
Polypoxus (Placodexmei) austxalis, Fr.
On wood.
Polypoxus (Znodexmei) tabacinus, Mont.
On wood.
Hixneola polytxicha, Mont.
On wood.
Lycopexdon ccelatum, Fr.
On the ground.
Lycopexdon gemmatum, Fr. var. papillatum.
On the ground.
Guepinia spathulaxia, Fr.
On wood.
Hystexium sinuosum, Che.
Gregarium, flexuosum, opacum, striatum, utrinque obtusum ; labiis conniventibus (J-2 mm. long). Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis ellipticis, medio constrictis, hyalinis, multiseptatis, muriformibus (•02-‘03 X •Ol-’Olfi mm.).
On bleached wood. (No. 54.)
External appearance quite distinct from any other species with muriform sporidia.
Sphaexostilbe nigxescens, Kalch. ^ Che. Fungi Capensi?^ ined.
Perithecia caespitosa, erumpens, coccineo-rubra, demum nigres- cens, globoso-depressa. Ascis clavato-cylindricis. Sporidiis ellip- ticis, multiseptatis, merenchymatis, hyalinis (•03-*04 x •012--015 mm.). Conidiis stilboideis, clavatis, vel subrotundis, pallidis ; stipite obscuriore; sporis ellipsoideis, hyalinis (*006 X *003 mm.). On bark. (No. 53.)
Sporidia resembling those of Sph. pseudoti'ichia, Schw., but peri- thecia csespitose, and turning blackish.
Kypoxylon exutans, Che. in Grevillea.
On bark of trees.
Diatxype glomexaxia, Berk.
On branches.
(No. 46.) (No. 44.) (Nos. 45, 49.) (No. 48.) (No. 47.) (No. 50.) [(No. 52.)
(No. 51.) (No. 56.)
16
NEW COSMARIUM IN TRAFALGAR SQUARE.
We have been somewhat surprised to learn that Dr. Wittrock has found a new species of Cosmarium in the fountains of Trafalgar Square (London), which he calls Cosmarium trafalgaricum. New organisms turn up in the most unexpected manner, and, although this was found as far back as 1872, many of us are now hearing of the fact for the first time. Specimens are published in Wittrock’s Exsiccati, it is presumed, although not detected in the copy we have seen, under No. 81. It has been thus described : —
Cosmarium trafalgaricum. Wittr.
Parvum, quinta fere parte longius quam latus, in medio pro- funde constrictum, sinu lineari extrorsum ampliato, membrana glabra ; semicellulis a fronte visis reniformibus, latere dorsali in medio leviter emarginato, a latere visis orbicularibus, in utroque latere tuberculo minimo mediano ornatis, a vertice visis ellipticis, lateribus tuberculo minimo mediano ornatis. Long, cell 24-26 m., lat. 20-21 m., crass 13-14 m. lat. isthmi 6-7 m.
In the fountains, Trafalgar Square, London. Allied to C. Phaseolus, Breb., and may be compared with C. Bicardia, Reinsch.
Braithwaite’s British Moss Flora. — The attention of Bryologists is specially directed to the announcement, which accompanied the last number of “ Grevillea,” of the commencement of a series of monographs by Dr. R. Braithwaite, F.L.S., of the families of British mosses. These monographs will each be com- plete in itself, illustrated by plates of all the species, with micro- scopical details of their structure. The work commenced with the Andreagaceae, which is ready for delivery. Subscribers for the first section will receive twelve plates illustrating the Andreasaceae (2), Buxbaumiacea© (1), Georgiaceae (1), Polytrichacese (5), and Fissidentacese (3). The subscription for this, and similar sections, will be half-a-guinea. It is unnecessary to add that this work will be thoroughly abreast of the time, and that Dr. Braithwaite may be relied upon to do his duty completely and satisfactorily.
The above paragraph was written for insertion in our last num- ber, but pressed out for lack of space. Since then we have seen the two parts already issued, and find them fully equal to our expectations. No Bryologist in this country, or indeed in the United States, can do without a copy of this Moss Flora, which, being privately printed, we would recommend them strongly to pro- cure without delay. It may be had direct, on application to the author, No. 303, Clapham Road, London.
17
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
By C. Kalchbrenner and M. C. Cooke.
The majority of specimens from which the following species have been described were collected by Professor McOwan at Somerset East, and communicated to Herr C. Kalchbrenner. A few were obtained in Natal by Mr. J. M. Wood, of Inanda. They have been determined for some months, but publication has unfor- tunately been delayed.
Agazicus (Lepiota) pteropus, ZaicA. 4*
Facies Ag. Friesii, Lasch, sed procerus, stipite ebulbi, omnino solido, annulo fixo, lamellis sub adnatis. Odor fortissimus, raph- anoideus, cum odore liquaminis fungorum (“ Ketchup ”) pro con- dimento praeparato sed omnino ingratus.
On the ground. No. 392.
Agazicus (Lepiota) rubricatus, Berh ^ Br., Ceylon Fungi, p. 497, prox.
On the ground. Nos. 103, 394.
Agazicus (Fleurotus) septicus, Fr.
On wood. No. 191.
Agazicus (Fleurotus) aureo-tomentosus, Kalch.
Pileus carnosus, vix excentricus, e hemispherico-convexus, obtusus, exstrius, cum stipite farcto subsequali aureo-tomentosus ; tomentum in disco pilei areolatum, quasi verruculosum. Lamellae adnato-decurrentes, sub-distantes, cum carne stipitis et pilei albolu- tescentes.
Oil wood. No. 416.
Agaricus (Fsilocybe) taediosus, Kalch.
Pileus carnosus, e convexo-planus, obtusus vel vertice depressus (1-2 poli, latus) stipes gracilis, cavus (4-5 unc. longus, 1-2 lin. crassus). Lamellae adnatae ventricosae, sub confertae, fuligineae. Sporae ovatae ('012 X ‘009 mm.).
On the ground. No. 393.
Pileus brown, stem paler ; flesh of the pileus 2-2 J"' thick. Coprinus punctatus, Kalchh.
Pileus tenuiter carnosus, cylindrico-campanulatus (2-2^ unc. altus, 1-1-^ unc. latus) vertice squamulosus, impressus, margine striatus, epidermide firmula, squamules nigricantibus subtilissime punctata et passim vage rimosa, fuscescens. Stipes solidus, gracilis, fere spithamaceus (medio 2-3'" crassus), utrinque fusiformi-atten- uatus et ipsa basi ovato-bulbosus, fibrillosus, pallidus. Lamellae liberae, postice attenuatae, nigrae. Sporae ovales *0015 x '001 mm. nigrae.
On the ground. No. 413.
Xezotus caffzozum, Kalchh. Fungi Capensis ined.
2
No. 341.
18
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
Xerotus nigxita, Lev. (^Panus melajiophyllus, Fr. Fungu Fatal).
On wood. No. 189.
Lentinus Zeyhexi, Berk. Hook. Journ., II. 507.
On wood.
Iientinus stxigosus, Fr.
On wood.
No. 97. No. 421.
No. 1221.
No. 489.
C3rphella faxinacea, Kalch. Sf Qke.
Siibgregaria, aquose-grisea. Cupulis (1-2 mm.) expansis, demum explanatis, extus albo-farinaceis, margine sub-recurvo ; contextu tenue, diapbano.
On naked wood.
Cyphella punctifoxmis, Fr. var. stxigosa.
Pilis elongatis, granulatis.
On dead leaves.
Txemella micxopexa, Kalch. ^ Cke.
Erumpens, sicco bysteiiiformis, udo gilva, convexa. Sporopboris ovatis. Sporis elongato -ellipticis quandoque curvulis, triseptatis, byalinis (*02 X '01 mm.).
On branches. No. 1351.
Breaking tbrougb tbe bark in a similar manner to Colpoma quer- cinum, Wallr.
Hypsilophoxa calloxioides, Kalch 4- Che.
Rosea, gelatinosa, pulvinata, erumpens (1 cm. long). Hypbis simplicibus vel furcatis, concatenato -cellulosis ; cellulis oblongis, utrinque truncatis, byalinis, uni-micleatis.
On dead wood. No. 73.
With tbe babit of Dacrymyces^ but separated from that genus by Berkeley, in common with two or three North American species, on account of the moniliform threads.
Fhoma stapeliae, Kalch. ^ Cke.
Sparsa, epidermide nigrifacto tecta. Peritheciis globoso-de- pressis. Sporis arete ellipticis, byalinis, binucleatis (•01-'012 X *003 mm.).
On stems of Stapelia moschata. Nos. 476, 1395.
Fhoma axtemisiae, Kalch. ^ Cke.
Sparsa, tecta, hysteriiformis, atra, Peritheciis applanatis, sporis subfusiformibus, byalinis, binucleatis (’OIS-'CIS X '004 mm.). Sporopboris tenuibus, elongatis, superne curvulis.
On stems of Artemisia. No. 1399.
Fhoma tatulse, Kalch <k Cke.
Sparsa, minima. Peritheciis membranaceis, punctiformibus, fuscis. Sporis ellipticis, byalinis (-0065 X *004 mm.).
On stems of Datura tatula. No. 1407.
Macxoplodia coxticale, Kalch & Cke.
Sub superficiale, gregarium. Peritheciis subglobosis, atris, vix papillatis. Sporis ovato-globosis, fuscis (-0075 x *004 mm.).
On bark. Nos. 138, 522,
Resembling a small Spheeria of tbe section Denudatce, but with- out asci.
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
19
Diplodia cassinopsidis, Kalch. <Sir Qke.
Sparsa, epidermide nigrifacto tecta, nitida, centro pertusa. Peri- theciis subconicis, sporis ellipticis, uniseptatis, nec constrictis, fuscis (*022 X ‘01 mm.).
On Cassinopsis Capensis. No. 1264.
It has the habit and appearance of a species of Pemphidium, but with the fruit of a Diplodia.
Diplodia clematidis, Kalch. §' Che.
Sparsa, erumpens, epidermide cincta. Peritheciis obtusis, atris, opacis. Sporis ellipticis, uniseptatis, nec constrictis, fuscis (‘012- *014 X ‘005 mm.).
On twigs of Clematis brachiata. No. 1358.
Vermiculairia dianthi, Westdp.
On leaves of Dianthus. No. 1435.
Ceuthospora oleae, Kalch. ^ Ohe.
Epiphylla. Maculis orbicularibus, fuscis. Peritheciis depressis, fissu rato-dehiscentibus. Sporis cylindricis, utrinque obtusis, hyalinis, (-03 x *0035 mm.).
On leaves of Olea Capensis. No. 1333.
PROTOSTEGZA, Cke.
Primo tecta, dein denudato, discoidea, margine lacerato, dentato, fimbriatove. Disco gelatinoso. Sporis elongatis, simplicibus, vel septatis, pedicellatis, dein liberis.
This genus was constituted for the reception of the species long known as Stegia Magnolice Rav. from the United States. It may possibly be a stylosporous condition of Stegia^ but no asci have yet been discovered.
Fxotostegia eucleae, Kalch. ds Che.
Epiphylla. Receptaculis immersis, discoideis, fuscis margine dentato ; disco aquose cinereo, convexo ; sporophoris parce ramosis ; sporis linearibus, rectis, vel curvulis multinucleatis, demum 3-5 septatis (•04-'05 X *003 mm.).
On leaves of Euclea undulata. No. 1340.
ONCOSPORA, Kalch.
Receptaculum erumpens, cupulasformis vel discoidea, plerumque gregaria, vel stromatis tympanoideis enata ; hymenio nudo, gela- tinoso ; sporis hyalinis, continuis, flexuosis in, hyphis tenuissimis apicalibus gerentibus.
Differs from Protostegia in its similarity to Tympanis rather than to Stegia^ and in the different character of the spores. The cups are substipitate and emergent, often csespitose.
Oncospora bullata, Kalch. ^ Che.
Maculae bullatae, nigrae. Receptaculis gregariis, discoideis, atris, margine elevato ; hymenio fusco. Sporis subclavatis, hamatis, vel sigmoideis, simplicibus (*03 x *007 mm.).
On leaves of Capparis citrifolia. No. 23.
Resembling a cluster of the cups of Peziza Dehnii^ collected on a dark bullate spot. Spores of a peculiar form, often sigmoid, or resembling a note of interrogation (?).
20
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
Oncospora viridans, Kalch. & Cke.
Epiphylla, ciespitosa, erumpens. Receptaculis atris, substipi- tatis, in stromate pulvinato congestis ; disco cinereo ; sporis cylin- dricis, vel subclavatis, rectis, vel curvulis (*02 X *0035 mm.) hyalinis ; sporophoris in gelatina viridi immersis.
Oli leaves of Capparis Guienzii. No. 1273 bis.
Sacidium gomphocarpi, Kalch. Sc Che.
Maculis, suborbicularibus, fuscis. Peritheciis gregariis, minimis, applanatis, membranaceis, fuscis. Sporis subglobosis, achrois (•004 mm.).
On leaves of Gompho carpus fruticosus. No. 1434.
Septoria umbelliferazum, Kalch.
Maculis suborbicularibus, fuscis. Peritheciis in centro suffultis, punctiformibus ; sporis linearibus, rectis vel flexuosis, hyalinis (.035-*05 mm. long).
On leaves of Umhelliferce. No. 1393.
Septoria nesodes, Kalch.
Epiphylla. Maculis irregularibus, fuscis. Peritheciis immersis, membranaceis. Sporis cylindricis, obtusis, multinucleatis, rectis vel curvulis (•02--025 mm. long).
On leaves of Hydrocotyle Asiatica. No. 1115.
Septoria buddleiae, Kalch. ^ Che.
Epiphylla. Maculis irregularibus, fuscis, hinc illic confluentibus. Peritheciis membranaceis, semi-immersis. Sporis linearibus, rectis vel flexuosis, hyalinis (•04--05 mm.long).
On leaves of Buddleia salvicefolia. No. 1251c.
Phyllosticta aloes, Kalch.
Epiphylla. Maculis ellipticis, aurantio-fuscis. Peritheciis mem- branaceis, gregariis, fuscis, immersis. Sporis ellipticis, profusis, hyalinis (*005 mm. long).
On Aloe latifolia. No. 1023.
Phyllosticta auriculata, Kalchh. db Che.
Epiphylla. Maculis orbicularibus, pallidis, purpureo-cinctis. Peritheciis punctiformibus, immersis, poro pertusis ; sporis ellip- ticis, continuis, hyalinis (*005 mm. lon^).
On leaves of Buddleia auriculata.
Phyllosticta carissae, Kalch. Sf Che.
Epiphylla. Maculis suborbicularibus, pallide fuscis, brunneo- cinctis. Peritheciis punctiformibus, papillatis immersis. Sporis arcte ellipticis, hyalinis (*006 mm. long).
On leaves of Carissa Arduina. No. 1355.
Phyllosticta rhuina, Kalch. & Che.
Epiphylla. Maculis elongatis, fuscis. Peritheciis puncti- formibus, atro-fuscis, dense congestis. Sporis arete ellipticis, hyalinis (-005 x '002 mm).
On leaves of Rhus Icevigata. No. 1406.
The perithecia are minute and densely crowded on the irregular brown spots.
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
21
iEcidium withaniae, Tlmmen.
On leaves of Withania somnifera.
JEcidium stobeae, Kalch. # Cke. in Grevillea 70.
Oil leaves of Stobcea.
No. 1138. Natal, No. 63. Natal, 114.
JEcidium aroideum, Cke. in Grevillea 71.
On leaves of Stylochiton Natalensis.
JEcidium crypticum, Kalch. <Sc Cke.
Hypophylla. Peridiis paucis (5-6) in circulo gerentibus, inter tomento nidulantibus. Sporis subglobosis, leevibus, aurantiacis (•012-'014 mm. diam.).
On leaves of Gerbera. Natal, 66.
JEcidium vignse, Cke. in Grevillea viil, 71.
On leaves of Vigna marginata. Natal, 407.
Uredo macrospermum, Cke. in Grevillea viii, p. 71.
On fronds of ferns. Natal, 61.
Trichobasis zehnerise, Timm.
On leaves of Zehneria scabra.
Uredo clematidis, Berk. On Clematis brachiata.
1271. No. 1141.
Coleosporum hedyotidis, Kalch. ^ Cke.
Epiphyllum, sparsum, aurantiacum. Boris elongatis vel confluen- tibus. Sporis concatenatis, ellipticis, utrinque truncatis (•02-’03 X *016 mm.) episporio granuloso.
On leaves of Hedyotis Amatymbica. Natal, 60.
Fuccinia helichrysi, Kalch. Sf Cke.
Protosporis. Uredo Lepisclinis, Thum. Teleutosporis lanceo- latis, uniseptatis, constrictis, atro- fuscis (‘Od-’Obd X ‘Old-’OIS mm.) episporio laevi. Pedicellis evanidis.
On leaves of Helichrysum petiolatum. No. 35.
Fuccinia ornithogali, Kalch.
Sparsa. Soris ellipticis, tectis, demum elongato-fissuratis, fuscis. Protosporis ellipticis, laevibus, pallidis (•02-‘022 x ’018 mm.). Teleutosporis ellipticis, uniseptatis, constrictis, fuscis ; episporio laevi ; pedicellis sporis aequilongis.
On Ornithogalum. Nos. 1140, 1190.
Fuccinia Africana, Cke. in Grevillea Yiu,p. 74.
On Spilanthes Africana. Natal, 200.
Fuccinia galiorum. Link.
Oli Rubia petiolaris. No. 1151.
Fuccinia printziae, Thum.
On leaves of Printzia Huttoni.
1278.
Uromyces pulvinatum, Kalch j" Cke. ^ » hilvr ^
Epiphyllum. Soris discoideis pulvinatis, sclerotioideis, atrb- brunneis, compactis. Sporis subglobosis ( 018-‘02 mm.) fuscis, laevibus.
On leaves of Euphorbia incequilater a. »i/ /; No, 1|247.
The spores spring from a discoid stroma, or cushion, almos^tlas in Coryneum.
.WmM I
22
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
Uxomyces cixcinalis, Kalch. Sc Che. in Grevillea viii, p- 71.
On leaves of some monocotyledon. No. 1417.
Melampsoxa hypexici, Schrot.
On Hypencum cethiopicum. No. 1392.
Ravenelia glabxa, Kalch, <£• Che. in Joum. Roy. Micr. Soc., 1880, in, p. 384.
Sparsa. Capitulis magnis f*15 mm. diam.) convexis, subses- silibus, cellulis (*02 mm.) laevibus, laete brunneis.
On leaves of Acacia horrida, No. 1436, and Colpurnia sylvatica. Fxotomyces physalidis, Kalch. <k Che.
Cellulis in maculis obscurioribus immersis. Sporis globosis, pallidis, laevibus (*01 -’02 mm. diam.).
On leaves of Phy salis Hornemanni, No. 1121.
Cyst opus quadxatus, Kalch. ^ Cke.
Epiphyllus. Soris albis, minimis, convexis. Sporis quadratis (‘025 lat., *018 long). Spora ultima subglobosa. Oogoniis, n. v. On Herpestes verticillaris. No. 1314.
Evidently allied to C. cvbicus, but the discovery of the oogonia ■will doubtless prove it to be distinct.
Hemileia Woodii, Kalch. <L' Che.
Hypopbylla. Pulvinulis parvis, aurantiacis, gregariis; sporangiis globosis, vel uno latere compressis, asperulis (*03 mm.) longe stipitatis, cum cystidis hyalinis, triquetris, sterilibus, laevibus, im- mixtis.
On leaves unknown. Natal, No. 28.
Cexatium sphsexoideum, Kalch. CTce.
Pulvinulis convexis, hemisphericis, carneo-rubris ; sporis glo- bosis, laevibus (’Ol mm. diam.) cum hyphis continuis, hyalinis im- mixtis.
On Andropogon marginatum. No. 1284.
Zsaxia coxalloidea, Kalch. d' Che.
Caespitosa, ramulosa, coralloidea, pallida cervina, apice dilata, penicillata ; filis clavatis ; sporis minutissimis, globosis.
On rotten wood. No. 69.
A very singular species, growing in small fawn-coloured tufts. Stilbum cinexipes, Kalch. d Che.
Sparsum. Capitulis globosis, cervinis mm. diam.). Sporis ellipticis, hyalinis, binucleatis (•006--007 X *0035 mm.) stipite inferne leniter incrassato, sulcato, torto, cinereo (2-3 mm. long).
On bark. No. 214.
Stilbum connatum, Kalch. d Che.
^ C£espito«U]i[n.) ■ i Capitulis subglobosis, flavido-carneis (-J-i mm.
; ^aladn.) ;\\Llippl^;^/ minutis, linearibus (circa -005 mm. long). Stipi- tibus erectis, in stromate irregulare, concolore connatis.
On wood. No. 196.
POLYCEFHALUM:, Xalch. d Cke. l^tilboideus terminatus, capitulo composito, gela- , itiuosb^ihvcilV^nle spora?. Capitulis numerosis, globosis, elongatis — ve deciduis.
.SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
23
The structure is that of a compound Stilbum, each stem sur- mounted by a cluster of capituli which terminate short branches, and are composed entirely of minute gelatinous spores. Folycephalum aurantiacum, Kalch. & Cke.
Totum aurantiacum. Stipite crasso, cylindrico, superne in ramulis brevibus diviso. Capitulis ellipticis, deciduis. Sporis hyalinis (’0025 x '0015 mm.).
On rotten wood. No. 1353.
The ramuli are scarcely more than papillae, each of which bears a capitulum.
Fusaxium aloes, Kalch ^ Cke.
Sparsum, carneum, gelatinosum. Hyphis brevibus. Sporis fusi- formibus, continuis, rectis vel lunatis, utrinque acuminatis, hyalinis, (•04-*05 X •0035-'004 mm.).
On Aloe arhorescens. No. 1473.
Microstxoma quercinum, Niessl.
On oak leaves.
Ramularia richardiee, Kalch.
Effusa, farinosa, albida. Hyphis simplicibus vel furcatis, erectis. Sporis elongato-ellipticis vel subclavatis, hyalinis ( 05 x '015 mm.).
On leaves of Richardia albomaculata. Nos. 1116, 493.
Ramularia rumicis, Kalch. Sf Cke.
Maculis fuscis, ellipticis, magnis. Hyphis subsimplicibus, erectis, fasciculatis. Sporis cylindricis, utrinque rotundatus ('022--03 X •005 mm.).
On leaves of Rumex obtusifohus. No. 1180.
Distinet from Peronospora obliqua, Cke., which is technically also a Ramularia.
Oidium exysiphoides, Fr.
On leaves of Verbena. No. 493.
IHIystrosporium poly trichum, Cke. in RaveneVs N. Atner. Fungi. (^Alystrosporium velutinum, K 4' C.)
Atrum, velutinum, effusum. Hyphis fasciculatis, erectis, simpli- cibus. Sporis clavatis, multicellulosis ('Ol-’Odb X '018 mm.) fuscis. On aloe. No. 500.
Apparently not distinct from the common North American species. Mystrosporium aterrimum, B. & C.
On Celastrus buxifolius. No. 1282.
Macrosporium punctatum, Kalch, 8^ Cke.
Effusum, griseum ; csespitulis sparsis, punctiformibus. Hyphis fasciculatis, erectis, simplicibus. Sporis clavatis, 3-5 septatis, fuligineis, hinc illic cellula unica longitudinal iter divisa (•035-'06 X •0i-'015 mm.).
On Allium scheenoprasum. No. E. 21.
Epochnium phyllogenum, Kalch 4 Cke.
Effusum, epiphyllum. Hyphis repentibus, hyalinis, ramosis ; ramulis assurgentibus, rectis ; sporis terminalibus, globoso-ovatis, cellulosis, fuligineis (’025 x *02 mm.).
On living leaves.
Natal, No. 39.
24
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
Menispoxa cylindzica, Kalch. tJb Cke.
. Phyllogena, effusa, atrofusca. Hyphis tenuibus, simplicibus, erectis, flexuosis, mycelio ramoso fusco assurgentibus. Sporis cylin- dricis, utrinque obtusis, hyalinis, continuis (-016 x *0025 mm.).
On leaves of Myrsine melanopleos . No. 1352.
Fusicladium fuliginosum, Kalch. d: Cke.
Effusum, fuliginosum, incrustatum. Hypliis repentibus, ramosis. Ramulis assurgentibus, brevibus, quandoque furcatis. Sporis fusoideis, continuis, hyalinis (•01-‘012 x *004 mm.).
On living leaves. Natal. No. 9.
Forming large sooty patches on the green, but fading leaves. Cladospozium laxum, Kalch. 8f Cke.
Phyllogenum, maculaeforme. Caespitulis bruiineis. Hyphis flexuosis, laxis, repentibus, ramosis, sparse septatis, fuscis. Sporis cylindrico-fusoidis, 1-3 septatis (•015-'03 x '004 mm.).
On fading leaves of Printzia pyrifoUa. No. 1394.
. Forming little brown tufts on the fading leaves.
Cezcospoza haemanthi, Kalch.
Maculae ellipticae, magnae, pallidae, rubro -marginatae. Caespi- tulis sparsis. Hypbis fasciculatis, flexuosis, simplicibus, sporis cylindricis, curvulis vel flexuosis, nucleatis dein 3-5 septatis (1* X *004 mm.).
On Hcemanthus puniceus. No. 1 020.
Cezcospoza commelynse, Kalch. <L' Cke.
Maculae orbiculares, fuliginosae. Hyphis brevissimis, simplici- bus, hyalinis. Sporis tenuibus, linearibus, flexuosis indistincte septatis ('Ob-’O? mm. long).
On living leaves of Commelyna Bengalensis. No. 1346.
Cezcospoza leonitidis, Cke. in Grevillea vili., p. 72.
On leaves of Leonitis ovata. Natal. No. 5.
Cezcospoza delicatissima, Kalch. & Che.
Maculae orbiculares, fuliginosae. Hyphis tenuibus, repentibus, sub-fasciculatis. Sporis linearibus, rectis vel curvulis, nucleatis (•065--085 mm.).
On living leaves of Priva dentata. No. 1109.
Cezcospoza cluytiae, Kalch. & Che.
Maculae irregulares, fuscae. Hyphis brevibus, dense fasci- culatis, hyalinis. Sporis ob-clavatis, curvulis, 3-5 septatis,' apice acuto (•03-’07 X •0035-*004 mm.).
On fading leaves of Cluytia pulchella. No. 1352.
Exospozium celastzi, Kalch.
Caespitulis sparsis, subcircinatis, atris, erumpens. Hyphis dense fasciculatis, olivaceo-fuscis. Sporis sublanceolatis (*02--025 x •005 mm.).
On leaves of Celastrus huxifolius. No. 1396.
Fhysospoza zubiginosa, Fr.
On rubbish, broken twigs, &c. No. 1387.
Probably this species, of which we have seen no authentic specimen.
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNOT.
‘25
Hydrophoza stezcozaxia, Todc.
On dung. Nos, 487, 1299.
Feziza (Mollisia) subgilva, Kalch. <6 Cke.
Sparsa, sessilis, ceraceo-mollis. Cupulis totius subgilvis J-l-^ mm. diam.) concavis; margine rotundato, subtumido ; ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis ellipticis, hyalinis (‘008 X *004 mm.). Paraphysibus filiformibus.
On rotten wood. R. 22a.
Helotium capensis, Kalch. dc Che.
Sparsum, aurantiacum. Cupulis stipitatis, explanatis (3 mm. diam.). Stipite deorsum attenuato, pallidiore (2^ mm. long.) in cupula expanso, ascis clavatis. Sporidiis fusiformibus, curvulis, 5 septatis (‘05 x ‘006 mm.).
On sticks.
Helotium ferzugineum, Fr.
On twigs. Nos. 22, 1126.
Phillipsia kezmesina, Kalch. & Cke.
Sparsa, substipitata, firma. Cupulis (1 cm.), concavis, purpureo- rubris, extus Ijevi, pallido, deorsurn attenuato; ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis ellipticis, binucleatis, dein spurie uniseptatis (•019-’023 X *011 mm.). Paraphysibus linearibus, multinucleatis.
On chips.
Substance much firmer than in Peziza, not shrinking or collaps- ing in drying. The genus was established by Rev. M. J. Berkeley for five or six species formerly included in Pezizia.
Dezmatea pelidna, Kalch. dc Che.
Caespitosa, erumpens. Cupulis concavis, contortis (3 mm. diam.), subsessilibus, extus rufis, furfuraceis. Disco atro-fuligineo. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis linearibus (’004 mm. long).
On decorticated branches. No. 16.
Allied to D. furfuracea and D. fascicularis. Exterior covered with short granular hairs.
Dezmatea zufa, Che. in Grevillea viii , p. 72.
On bark. Natal, No. 400.
Stictis thelotzemoides, Phil.
Sparsa, immersa, orbicularis mm. diam.). Disco melleo, excavato. Margine prominente, subintegro, albo. Ascis cylin- draceis. Sporidiis filiformibus (*15 mm. long). Paraphysibus filiformibus.
On branches. No. 76.
Stictis bella, Kalch. & Cke.
Immersa, orbicularis ('1 mm. diam.), margine niveo, expanso, lobato-fissurato ; disco aureo, excavato. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis filiformibus (*3 mm. long). Paraphysibus filiformibus, subflexuosis.
On branches. No. 1288a.
The cups break through elongated fissures of the bark, and have somewhat the appearance of miniature daisies. A very elegant species.
SOUTH AFHICAN FUNGI.
Stictis xadiata, Ft'.
On branches. Nos. 1288, 1040.
Sporidia •18-*2 mm. long.
Fhacidium litigiosum, Besm.
On leaves of Ranunculus pinnatus. No. 1281.
Txiblidium xufulum, Spr.
On branches. No. 1339.
Hypocxea lycogalae, Kalch. d: Cke. in Qrevillea viii., p. 72.
On rotten wood. No. 1357.
Kypoczea sulfurella, Kalch. da Cke.
Discoidea vel confluens, convexa, sulphurea, fusco-punctata. Ostiolis prominulis, demum atro-fusca. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis articulis globosis, fuligineis (*0055 mm.).
Oil Eucalyptus hs,vk. No. 178.
The dark perithecia are very conspicuous in the pale greenish yellow stroma.
Hypocrea subcitrina, Kalch. d: Cke.
Discoidea, elliptica vel confluens, tenuis, subapplanata, citrina, ostiolis vix prominulis, fuscescentibus. Ascis cylindraceis. 8poridiis ariculis globosis hyalinis (*0045 mm.).
On bark. Nos. 184, 202, 205.
Stroma thinner, and sporidia rather larger than in H. citrina, to which it is allied.
Kypoczea chzysostigma, Kalch. ds Cke.
Discoidea, convexa, aurea fuscescens, intus flava. Peritheciis fuscis. Ostiolis vix prominulis, punctiformibus, fuscis. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis articulis globosis, fuligineis (’0043 mm.).
On bark. No. 1301.
Kypoczea caznea, Kalch. ds Cke.
Convexa dein appl .nata, elliptica, vel sublobata, carneo-rosea. Ostiolis vix prominulis, punctiformibus. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis breviter ellipticis, uniseptatis, nec constrictis, hyalinis (•008 X '006 mm.).
On bark. No. 20.
Sphaezostilbe zosea, Kalch.
Gregaria, rosea. Conidiophoris stipitatis, stilboideis. Capitulis globosis, turbinatisve mm.). Conidiis ellipticis, hyalinis, (•005 X *0025 mm.), stipite erecto, rubro (‘2 mm.), ad basin incrassato, quandoque confluente. Perithecia n.v.
On Acacia horrida. No. 1118.
At present only the Stilbum has been observed, but the habit is so much that of Sphcerostilbe that it is placed here.
Sphaezostilbe nigzescens, Kalch. dc Cke. in Grevillea ix.,p. 15.
On bark. No. 1039.
Sphaezostilbe hypoczeoides, Kalch. dc Cke.
Pallide rosea, convexa. Peritheciis in stromate hypocreoidei connatis. Ostiolis papillatis. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis ellipticis, uniseptatis, hyalinis (•01--012 x ‘007) episporio leniter
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
27
graniilato. Coniophoris clavatis, paucis, stipite brevo. Conidiis arcte ellipticis (*005 X *002 mm.).
On bark. No. 36.
A remarkable species. The peritliecia are fused into a stroma as in Hypocrea. The Stilhum grows principally upon the stroma, and the sporidia are slightly rough.
Kectria maztialis, Kalch. Cke.
Sparsa, coccinea. Peritheciis subglobosis, minute granulatis, papillatis, demum depressis, dein ciipulaeformibus. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis biseriatis, ellipticis, uniseptatis, hyalinis (*015 x *0065 mm.).
On naked wood. No. 1161.
Peritliecia dark blood-red when old. Sporidia apparently con- stantly biseriate. Distinct from N. sanguinea to which it is allied. Nectxia leocazpoides, Kalch. (k Cke.
Sparsa vel gregaria. Peritheciis obturbinatis, fragilibus, nitentibus, aureo-fnlvis. Ostiolo mamillato, castaneo. Ascis cylindricis. Sporidiis uniseriatis, ellipticis, uniseptatis, constrictis (•015 X *008 mm.).
On Sarcophyte sanguinea. No. 5.
Perithecia fragile, reminding one of Leocaipus fragilis, shining, with a dark mamillate ostiolum. The perithecia are Indian yellow when the light is transmitted through them under a high power.
Nectxia hetexospexma, Kalch. <£: Cke.
Csespitosa, erumpens, livido-rubra. Peritheciis subglobosis, demum depressis, Isevibus, in stromate convexo congestis. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis uniseriatis, ovatis, ellipticis, lanceolatisve, uniseptatis, hyalinis (•012-*022 x '009 mm.).
On dead branches. Nos. 1064, 56.
Sporidia singularly variable in length and form in the same peri- thecium.
Nectxia eximia, L'alch. (k Cke.
Caespitosa, lajte coccinea. Peritheciis obovatis, exiguis, in stromate convexo congestis; ostiolo prominulo. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis uniseriatis, ellipticis, utrinque attenuatis (*015 X *006 mm.).
On bark.
The sporidia are scarce mature, so that the very faint indica- tions of a septum are too doubtful to be relied upon. The minute numerous bright coloured peritliecia are distinctive features.
Nectxia fuxfuxacea, Kalch. Che.
Caespitosa, erumpens, carnea. Peritheciis globosis, furfuraceis, in stromate convexo gerentibus. Ostiolo punctiformi, fusco. Ascis cylindraceis, sporidiis uniseriatis, arcte ellipticis, utrinque attenu- atis, demum tenuiter uniseptatis (•015-*018 x '005 mm.).
On bark. No. 186.
Perithecia covered with large mealy granules. Allied to N. sub quater nata, B., but larger.
28
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
Xylaria stilboidea, Kalch. £& Cke.
Parva, stipitata. Capitulum subglobosum, atrum (1-2 mm. diam.) ostiolis exsertis asperatum. Stipite cylindrico, fusco (1-1^ mm. long) gracili. Stromate albo. Peritbeciis atris, immersis. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis uniseriatis, ellipticis, atro-fuscis (•014-‘015 X ’005 mm.).
On wood. No. 42.
A very minute species, with the habit and appearance of a species of Stilhum.
Hypoxylon placenta, Kalch.
Corlicola, applanata, atra, erumpens. Stromate discoideo, margine tenui, sterili, centro ostiolis punctiformibus punctato ; ascis cylindraceis ; sporidiis uniseriatis, ellipticis, atro-fuscis ('012 X '006 mm.).
On branches. No. 1304.
Closely allied to H. exutans, Cke., of which it may possibly be only a variety.
Diatrype caminata, Kalch. de Cke.
Erumpens, suborbicularis, convexa, nigrescens ; ostiolis exsertis, cylindricis, obtusis, truncatis. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis linearibus, curvulis, hyalinis (-012 x *003 mm.).
On branches. No. 1263.
The specimens were old, and in bad condition. The exserted ostiola are abruptly truncate. Probably also the specimen (No. 23), provisionally named Diatrype congesta^ is only the same species with the ostiola broken off, and all the asci dissolved.
Diatzype capensis, Kalch. d' Cke.
Erumpens, elliptica, atra, convexa. Peritheciis paucis, magnis ; ostiolis pertusis. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis linearibus, curvulis pallide fuscis (-01 X ’002 mm.).
On branches of Cassinopsis capensis. No. 1264.
On Buhus pinnatus. 1350.
Valsa infinitissima, Kalch. d Cke.
Innata, stromate corticali circumscripto. Peritheciis lagenifor- mibus ; ostiolis cylindricis, rectis, sub-elongatis, in stromate fusco exsertis. Ascis clavatis (-025 X 'C05 mm.). Sporidiis sperma- toideis, curvulis (*004 mm. long).
On branches. No. 1344a.
The asci and sporidia profuse and very minute.
Lasiosphsezia capensis, Kalch. d Cke.
Atro-fusca. Peritheciis globosis, Iceviusculis, pilis elongatis mollibus, sparsis, tectis, papillatis, demum depressis, e subiculo strigoso atro-fusco emergentibus. Ascis cylindrico- clavatis. Spo- ridiis biseriatis, cylindricis, vel elongato-lanceolatis, fuscis, 7 septatis, rectis, vel subflexuosis, leniter constrictis (08 x ’01 mm.).
On bark.
No. 1397.
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
29
Cexatostoma cylindrica, Kalch. Cke.
ISparsa. Peritheciis globosis, atris, in cortice immersis. Ostiolo elongato, cylindrico, tenui, flexuoso ; ore fimbriato, erumpente (2 mm. long). Ascis clavatis ( 018 X *008 mm.). Sporidiis sper- matoideis, hyalinis, curvulis ('0035-‘004 mm. long).
On branches. No. 22, R.
A sterile brown subiculous mould surrounded the specimen, but whether related to the Sphceria it is impossible to determine.
Sphaeria Africana, Kalch. ds Cke.
Sparsa, caulicola, erumpens. Peritheciis subglobosis, atris, nitidis, pertusis, semi-emersis. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis uniseriatis,amygdalaeformibus,atro-fuscis, opacis (•032--022 x *012- •015 mm.).
On herbaceous stems. Nos. 1399, 1400.
Remarkable on account of the sporidia, which resemble those of some species of Sordaria, although the perithecia are more like those of a Pleospora.
Sphaeria intercepta, Kalch. Cke.
Sparsa, cuticula cinerascente tecta. Peritheciis subglobosis ; ostiolo atro emergente. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis biseriatis, ellip- ticis, uniseptatis, fortissime constrictis, loculis subglobosis, hyalinis (*022- 025 X '01^ mm.).
On stems of Senecio longifolius. No. 1398-
Sphaeria metuloidea, Kalch. dc Cke.
Sparsa, epidermide nigrefacto tecta. Peritheciis globoso-de- pressis, atris. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis biseriatis, lanceolatis, trisep- latis, nucleatis, hyalinis (*028-*03 X *01 mm.).
On stems of Artemisia. No. 1399a.
The lanceolate sporidia are not at first constricted, and for some time without septa, with two large central nuclei, and a smaller one at each end.
Sphaeria cervispora, Kalch. d: Cke.
Sparsa, epidermide elevato demum fissurans. Peritheciis atris, subglobosis. Ascis saccato-clavatis. Sporidiis fusiformibus, rectis vel curvulis, 7 septatis, leniter constrictis, flavidis (*05 X *008 mm.).
On stems of Artemisia. No. 1399d.
Two or three distinct species of Sphceria are much intermixed on the same stems of Artemisia. Their great and manifest differences prevent any assumption that they are at all related to each other.
Sphaeria Owaniae, Kalch de Cke.
Sparsa, epidermide elevato demum fissurans. Peritheciis atris, tectis, hinc illic linea brevi dispositis. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis sublanceolatis, rectis, 5 septatis, medio contrictis, parte superiore latiori breviori, flavidis (•04-*042 x *012 mm.).
On stems of Artemisia.
30
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
The sporidia differ from those of S. cercispora in being straight, broader, divided by a contriction into two unequal parts, of which the upper is broader and shorter than the lower, and there are but five septa.
Sphaeria brachiata, Knlcli. Qhe.
Sparsa, minuta. Peritheciis numerosis, tectis, punctiformibiis, submembranaceis. Ascis clavatis ; sporidiis biseriatis, lanceolatis, hyalinis, demum leniter 1-3 septatis ('OIS-’OIS X *004 mm.).
On twigs of Clematis brachiata. 1358.
On stems of Senecio qninquelobus (McOwan):
The septa are so delicate as to be distinguished with difficulty. The perithecia are minute, resembling some species of Phoma. It would perhaps have been better included in Sphoerella.
Sphaeria cumana, Sacc. <Ss Speg.y Fungi Italici, No. 327.
On leaves of Carex pendula. No. 1353.
Sphaeria nigro-annulata, Be7'k. Sf Curt.
Sporidiis fuscis, continuis (*018 X *007 mm ).
On leaves of .^4/06 lineata. No. 1312.
Sphaeria caffra, Kalch. d; Cke.
{LeptosphcBria caffra, Tbum. Piggotia filicina, Thum.)
On Marattia salicifolia. No. 655.
Sphaeria (Pleospora) lanceolata Kalch. de Cke.
Sparsa, subtecta. Peritheciis mediis, globosis, papillatis. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis lanceolatis, 5-7 septatis, cellulis plurimis merenchymato-divisis, flavidis (•035--04 x ’01 mm.).
On stems of Artemisia. No. 1399c.
Sporidia much more uniformly lanceolate than usual in Pleo- spora. One of the central cells often largest and undivided.
Sphaeria (Pleospora) refracta, Kalch. Cke.
Sparsa, subtecta. Peritheciis globosis, vix prominulis, cum aliis immixtis. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis biseriatis, ellipticis, tri- septatis, cellulo uno alterove longitudinaliter diviso, hyalinis, re- fractis, dein brunneis (•025-*028 x *015 mm.).
On stems of Artemisia. No. 1399 bis.
Sphaerella myrsines, Kalch. d; Cke.
Hypophylla, sparsa. Peritheciis membranaceis, brunneis, poro pertusis (-l-’lb mm. diam.), applanatis. Ascis arcte clavatis. Sporidiis lanceolatis, demum uniseptatis, hyalinis, nec centro con- strictis ( 014 X *003 mm.).
On fading leaves of Myr sine Africana. No. 1318.
Sphaerella geicola, Kalch. 4- Cke.
Hypophylla. Maculis suborbicularibus, fuscis, purpureo-cinctis. Peritheciis semi-immersis, numerosis, atro-fuscis. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis breviter lanceolatis, binucleatis, dein uniseptatis, hya- linis, vix constrictis (-016 ‘017 X *0035 mm.).
On leaves of Geuni cajiensis.
No. 1148.
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
31
Sphaerella agapanthi, Kalch. ^ Cke.
iVIaculiE raagnse, irregulares, nigrescentes. Peritheciis numero- sissimis, membranaceis, applanatis, fuscis ; mycelio fusco, radiato, circumdatis. Ascis obclavatis. Sporidiis ellipticis, utrinque rotundatis, uniseptatis, hyalinis (•015-*018 x *003 mm.).
On Agapantims. No. 1342.
Sphaerella cassinopsis, Kalch. ^ Cke.
Epiphylla. Maculie pallidae, purpureo -cinctas, orbiculares. Peri- tlieciis atris, centro gregariis, minimis. Ascis clavatis (-025 X •005 mm.). Sporidiis linearibus, rectis, hyalinis ('006 mm. long). On living leaves of Cassinopsis capensis. No. 1341.
The sporidia probably scarce mature, as no septa could be dis- tinguished.
Venturia cephalariae, Kalch. d: cke.
Phyllogena. Maculas fuscae, orbiculares. Peritheciis globosis, emergentibus, pilis rigidis, erectis, brevibus, fuscis ornatis. Ascis aliis cylindraceis, aliis clavatis. Sporidiis uniseriatis, vel biseri- atis, ellipticis, irregulariter uniseptatis, pallidis (•02--023 X *009- •01 mm.) Cellula superiore magna, cellula inferiore minuta, api- culaefornii.
On leaves of Cephalaria attenuata. No. 1338.
Melogramma eucalypti, Kalch. ^ Cke.
Argillacea, elevata. Stromate convexo, irregulari, confluente. Pseudo-peritheciis in contextu excavatis. Ascis cylindraceis. Sporidiis uniseriatis, ellipticis, medio constrictis, uniseptatis, fuscis (•015-*018 X •OOfl mm.), cellulis subglobosis.
On bark of Eucalyptus globulus. No. 1179.
Dothidea oleafoliae, Kalch. db Cke
Atra, nitida, subdiscoidea, convexa, 1-3 cellulata, sparso vel gre- garia. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis 4-8, ellipticis, uniseptatis, con- strictis, atro-fuscis (’035 X *012 mm.).
On leaves of Olea capensis. No. 7.
Dothidea axduinae, Kalch. Sf Cke.
Epiphylla, atra, nitida, rugosa, obtuse subconica, 2-4 cellulosa, sparsa. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis ellipticis, medio constrictis, uniseptatis, fuscis (•028-*03 X *012 mm.). Stylosporis in peri- theciis minimis ovatis (*006 x *0045 mm.).
On leaves of Carissa arduina. No. 1354.
Upper cell of the sporidia usually larger than the lower.
Dothidea kniphofia, Kalch. ^ Cke.
Maculae nigrafactae, ellipticae. Pseudo-peritheciis gregariius, convexis, atris, subnitidis. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis elongato- ellipticis, primo nucleatis, continuis hyalinis (•018--02 x *005--006 mm.) .
Oli stems and leaves of Kniphofia aloides. Nos. 1011, 1337 b.
Dothidea xepens, Corda.
On living leaves. Natal.
No. 228.
32
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
Dothidea vorax, B. ^ C., forma minor.
On Oplismenus africanus. No. 1326.
Dothidea circinata, Kalch. Che.
Amphigeiia, inaequalis, minuta, convexa, atra, nitida, circulari- gregaria. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis biseriatis, inaequaliter uni- septatis, fuscis (-012 X ’006 min.).
On living leaves of LeguminoscB. No. 49.
Forming orbicular spots on both surfaces, almost with the habit of a Sphcerella.
Dothidea scabies, Kalch. Gee.
Amphigena. Maculae fuscae, orbiculares. Pseudo-peri theciis gregariis, convexis, atris, subopacis. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis ellipticis, continuis, fuscis (*025 x *01 mm.).
On unknown leaves. Natal. No. 50. Caffraria. No. 48. Stigmatea sutherlandise, Kalch. de Cke.
Phyllogena, punctiformis, atra, elevata, convexa, nitida, sparsa. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis ellipticis, continuis, hyalinis (*01 X ’005 mm.).
On fading leaves of Sutherlandia. No. 1415.
Stigmatea rhynchosiae, Kalch. db Che.
Epiphylla, atra, nitida, convexa, gregaria, in maculis orbicu- laribus disposita, numerosa, minutissima. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis ellipticis, hyalinis, continuis, binucleatis (*012 x '006 mm.J.
Oli living leaves of Rhyiichosia. No. 55.
Perithecia more numerous, and not one-third the size of those of Dothidea circinata, K. & C., which it somewhat resembles. Rhystisma grewiae, Kalch.
Epiphylla, piceo-atra, orbiculares, applanata. Cellulis circum- datis, convexis, fissurato-dehiscentibus. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis sublanceolatis, hyalinis, continuis, binucleatis (*04 X ’007 mm.).
On living leaves of Grewia occidentalis. JSo. 106.
Astezina capensis, Kalch. dc Cke.
Sparsa. Peritheciis orbicularibus, fuscis (*15 mm. diam.) mycelio fusco, radiante circumdatis. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis ellipticis, uniseptatis, fuscis (*016 x ’006 mm.).
On living leaves of Hippobromus alatus. No. 1328.
The m}'celiuni is furnished with short uniseptate processes on each side, which are often opposite to each other. A few erect rigid setae are mixed with the perithecia.
Astezina ezysiphoides, Kalch. d; Cke.
Minima, gregaria. Erysiphis species simulans. Peritheciis applanatis, discoideis (*06-1 mm. diam), atrofuscis, membranaceis, radiato-cellulosis : mycelio tenui, ramoso, fusco, circumdatis. Spo- ridiis ellipticis, continuis, atrofuscis (•018-*02 X ’01 mm.).
On leaves of Jasminum tortuosum. No. 1139.
Astezina ditzicha, Kalch. ds Cke.
Hypophylla, effusa, fuliginea. Mycelio radiante, ramoso, atro- fusco, processibus papillatis, gangliformibus ornatis. Hyphis ten- uioribus, ramosis, conidiiferis immixtis. Conidiis fusiformibus
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
33
trispptatis, fuscis (•015--016 X *004 miii.). Perithccia discoidea, imperfecte evoluta.
On living' leaves of some Celastrus. No. 3.
In the absence of perfect perithecia, it can only be thus provi- sionally described.
Asterina confluens , Kalch. & Che.
Epiphylla, Crustacea, membranacea. Peritheciis applanatis, dis- coideis, confluentibus, radiato-cellulosis, hinc illic maculis crustaceis efformantibus.
On fading leaves of Plectronia ciliata. No. 1331.
There are no definite radiating threads, and no asci or sporidia have yet been detected, so that this imperfect diagnosis must be accepted as provisional. The perithecia are one-tenth of a mille- metre in diameter.
Asterina flmbriata, Kalch. & Cke.
Epiphylla. Peritheciis gregariis, radiato-fibrosis, convexo- applanatis, atro-fuscis, stellato-fissurato dehiscentibus ; margine fimbriato (T5 mm. diam.). Ascis saccatis, pyriformibiis. Sporidiis ellipticis, profunde constrictis, uniseptatis, fuscis (’015 X *008 mm.).
On living leaves of Sclerochiton Harveyanvm. No. 1290.
The perithecia are collected together in little brown patches.
Asterina reticulata, Kalch. 6c Che.
Phyllogena, effusa, fuliginea. Peritheciis convexo-applanatis, reticulato-fimbriatis, fuscis (T5 mm. diam.). Mycelio intricato, ramoso, anastomoso, reticulato, fusco, processibus hamatis bicellu- latis ornatis. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis ellipticis, atro-fuscis, medio fascia hyalina ornatis (‘OIG-’OIS x '007 mm.).
On living leaves of Olinia cymosa. No. i336.
The dark opaque sporidia, with a transverse hyaline band in the centre, are peculiar.
Asterina solaris, Kalch. 6c Che.
Amphigena, Crustacea, atra. Peritheciis convexis, centro de- pressis, atro-fuscis, densissime radiato-strigosis. Ascis ? Sporidiis ellipticis, 1-2 septatis, fuscis (•02--025 X '008 mm.).
On living leaves of Olea verrucosa. No. 1307.
The parallel simple radiating fibres of the perithecia are often longitudinally attached in bands. Small obtuse papillse project at right angles from some of the threads.
Asterina IMTacowaniana, Kalch. 6c Che.
Atra, effusa. Peritheciis gregariis, discoideis, applanatis (*1 mm. diam.), mycelio radiante nidulantibus. Ascis pyriformibus. Sporidiis ellipticis, uniseptatis, constrictis, fuscis (•02-*022 X *00 mm.).
On leaves of Celastrus buxifolius.
This is apparently Meliola Macowaniana, Thumen, but it is in no respect a Meliola, from which genus the flattened perithecia are quite sufficient to separate it.
3
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
o I
Meliola polytricha, Kalch. Che. in GrevUleayui., p. 72.
On living leaves of Osyris compressa. No. 1256.
And Cunonia capensis. No. 1262.
Meliola ganglifera, Kalch.
Hypophylla, maculis fuligineis orbicularibus efformans. Con- ceptaculis globosis, subverrucosis, atris (•15-*2 mm.). Appen- diculis erectis, subulatis, simplicibus. Mycelio ramoso, repente, processibus subglobosis stipitatis, conico-verrucosis, ornato.
On living leaves of Curtisia faginea. No. 1349.
The ganglia-like processes of the mycelium are peculiar. They are nearly globose, shortly stipitate bodies, clad with obtuse conical warts. Asci and sporidia not seen,
Meliola inermis, Kalch. Che.
Amphigena, atra. Peritheciis globosis, hinc illic congestis (‘2- •25 mm. diam.), mycelio ramoso, fusco, nidulantibus. Appendiculis nullis. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis 2, ellipticis, quadriseptatis, con- strictis, fuscis (*055 X *015 mm.).
On living leaves of Buddleia auriculata. No. 1251.
This does not accord with Meliola quinquespora, Thumen, for it is not five spored ; nor with Meliola quinqueseptata^ Rehm. ; for the sporidia are not five septate ; and yet specimens from both authors under these names are the same thing. There is clearly an error somewhere, which we leave to those mycologists to correct.
DR. A. MINKS ON THE MICROGONIDIA OF LICHENS.
Dr. Minks has communicated to the “ Revue Mycologique ” a summary in the French language of the leading points in his new theory of the physiology and morphology of lichens. He is persuaded that a great number of students are ignorant of his researches because they are not familiar with the language in which they are written. In addition to this cause he thinks that many hold it to be dangerous to differ in opinion with certain eminent men who have accepted the earlier scientific views as finally and definitively settled. He regards the train of argument adopted to establish the Schwendenarian doctrine as humiliating to modern physiology as it is altogether based on false premises, and appeals to his recently published work and his article in the “ Flora ” of 1878, and to the plates given them to establish beyond doubt the correctness of his new views. Space prevents our giving more than a brief epitome of his communication, for further information the reader must consult his recently published book “ Das Microgoni- dium.”*
* Das Microgonidium. Ein Beitrag ziu* Keuntniss des wahren der Flechten, von Dr. Arthur Minks. Bale, 1879.
DR. MINKS ON THE MICROGONIDIA OF LICHENS.
35
The presence of gonidia excludes the idea of lichens living as parasites on other plants or on bodies in a state of decomposition. They owe this to the chlorophyl they contain, which gives to the gonidia their colour. The granular contents of the gonidia consist principally of corpuscles which are the microgonidia and must be placed in a higher rank than the chlorophyl substance itself. These microgonidia are capable of arranging themselves in beauti- ful harmony contributing to the formation and increase of the gonidial cell without losing their independence, and playing a part which controls the whole development of the reproductive and vegetative life to the final end — the production of asci. The microgonidia maintained a globose form, slightly flattened, some- what like a convex lens, having in its centre a transparent and highly refractive nucleus, surrounded by a green zone, enveloped by a rather thin, white, protoplasmic layer, which is not always visible. In harmonious conformity to this structure all the ceils of the lichen body, even to the completion of its life — the asci — are more or less confined, maintaining this form even during all the phases of development and growth, during which the microgonidia enormously increase. There are two modes of increase — by division and by progemmation, the first altogether resembling cell- division. This proves that the microgonidia are protoplasmic bodies to which the existence of a membrane, at least in the most abstract condition, cannot at present be proved. The connection of the microgonidia with their cells is visible principally by the uniformity with which the simultaneous division of the cell itself and its microgonidia takes place.
It is necessary to state that the intensity of the green of all the living gonidia certainly depends on the microgonidial cells alone, but essentially on the quantity and arrangement of these cor- puscles. It is possible that the microscopic image of the veritable gonidia presents itself as absolutely colourless, as do some “ metro- gonidia” (“ heterocyots ” “ Greuzzellen ”) of the Collemacece, be- cause the distance of the conglomerated microgonidia appears much more considerable all round the cell membrane owing to the re- fraction of the colourless parts predominating. For this reason also the microgonidia distributed in the hyphse have remained up to the present invisible, their cells always appearing destitute of green colour. But the impossibility of recognising this is accounted for by employing insufficient objectives to the microscope. The powers necessary to be used have already been named in the “ Revue.” Anyone having access to my work will, I am sure, by the aid of my figures find proof of the existence and activity of the microgonidia throughout all the process of vegetation and reproduction ; and he will readily perceive that these corpuscles are in fact the thread of Ariadne which ought to guide him through the labyrinth of the anatomy and morphology of lichens.
The liomogeneousness of the hyphae of lichens and fungi has no
36
DR. MINKS ON THE MICROGONIDIA OF LICHENS.
existence, for the hyptra cell of the lichen, as the gonidial cell together with each cell of the lichen, is capable of pysiological activity, such as appertains to all vegetable cells that contain chlorophyl ; and as regards systematic botany the presence of gonidia appears to be the criterion between these two great vege- table kingdoms, for the microgonidia are characteristic of lichen ccdls only.
The greater part of lichens, if not all, do not grow by a simple increase of the cells of the two systems of tissue ; the development of the gonidial tissue results from the hyphge tissue and never the reverse. The series of microgonidia running through the axis of the hypha threads and filling up by conglomeration the gonidial cells is in fact a series of gonidia in the embryonic stage. The moment the microgonidia secrete a membrane they become true gonidia, which commence, either in the mother cell or after its breaking up, to take on the known form, producing at the same time new microgonidia. There is no doubt that the development of the gonidia issuing from the hyphaB cells or from the gonidial cells does not take place without order in lichens, but either one predominates or the other, according to certain fixed rules for certain ends.
It is evident that the gonidia cannot augment exclusively by division or progemmation as do the hyphse, there must be some other source, to the present invisible, whence issues the hyphoidal tissue. The new tissue, the hypheme, is, I believe, the most deli- cate in nature, and as far as is known, the lenticular cells of this tissue are excessively minute, and their mutual connexion exists only at a single point. The study of the hyphhie^ the existence of which is already difficult to establish, presents inexpressible difficulties.
The absolute necessity of the hypheme is manifest in certain phenomina of growth, especially in the work of reproduction. Primarily the hypheme accompanies or pursues each reproductive extension of the Mallus which in the same lichen may partake of many types, and exhibit itself in the greater part of lichens in enormous quantities. In each case of reproduction it establishes an initial point due to an elementary organ, arising it may be from the gonohypheme, or the gonideme, or the hypheme, throwing out, nevertheless, only the basis of the gonideme, with which is asso- ciated the maternal hypheme to be completed by the germ of the hyphoidal tissue, the reproductive lichen organ.
This co-operation on the part of the hypheme is an evident fact amongst some blastemes, but especially amongst the hormospores discovered by me, and principally amongst the mecaspores, which uniquely, by means of a hypematic capsule, become capable of re- producing a lichen. Unfortunately I have not been able to do more than roughly sketch the activity of the hypheme in my draw- ings for a magnifying poTver of 2,000 diameters would be necessary for the purpose of properly drawing it.
DR. MINKS ON THE MICROGONIDIA OF LICHENS.
37
The raecaspore of the lichen is without doubt a gonidial organ proceeding from the gonohypheme which can be seen at a glance from my drawings, and especially in the fresh living spores of Septogium, which resemble, to describe them briefly, a little colony of Nostoc. Besides, it may be seen that the mecaspore is only the product of free intercellular formation ; for the micro- gonidia contained in all the cells of the fructifying parts are equally here in morpheological activity, from the commencement to the end. These phenomena sufficiently prove that the meci and paraphyses bear to each other the relation of fertile to sterile hyphse.
It is almost impossible, without the aid of figures (which are not given in the Revue ), to convey an adequate notion of Dr. Minks’s theories, and we much doubt whether we have caught the exact meaning of the author, owing in some measure to the fact that he is not writing in his native language, but more especially on account of his views being quite novel, and subversive of our preconceived notions of the morphology and physiology of lichens.
(Translated and abstracted by W. Phillips, F.L.S., from Revue Mycolo- giquej.
PREPARATION OF GREEN ALG^.
By Prof. 0. Nordstedt.*
Last summer I collected at Jdnkoping the rare and in many respects interesting alga ( Sphceroplcea annulina). This alga has the chlorophyl in the sterile cellules arranged in transversal bands or rings. As I tried to dry them, I found that the rings were destroyed by getting dry. I repeatedly tried to get good micro- scopical preparations by using liquor Hantzschise” as well as acetate of potassium, but when without success I applied warmth. I put a small bottle containing the alga in water on a black object, and exposed it to strong sunlight for a couple of hours. When the alga afterwards was dried, the rings proved to be pretty well pre- served ; when afterwards heated by a spirit lamp, the thermometer indicated that the rings when boiled —
minute at 35-40° Cels. |
When boiled 5-10 minutes at 45°") Cels. minute at 50°-98° ,, |
Did not keep, or were very ill-preserved.
The rings kept very well.
10 minutes at 60° Cels. 2 minutes at 98°f ,,
The rings were separated from (• the membrane and placed in j the centre alongside the cellule.
* Translated from ‘‘ Botanische Notisei',” by Dr. S. Berggren. t To more than 98° Cels. I could not manage the thermometer to rise.
38
PRErARATION OF GREEN ALGAi.
It appears to be most convenient for the purpose to use 40°- 50° Cels, during about two minutes.
In the Spirogyra the chlorophyl bands, when the plant is boiled, also keep tolerably well. I therefore often have applied heat in preparing them. The different species seem to require different degrees of heat.
ADDITIONAL BRITISH DESMIDS.
By M. C. Cooke.
Since the notice of “ British Desmids ” in our last, we have had the opportunity of consulting a collection of an extensive character, made over a period of many years, by Mr. A. W. Wills, of Wylde Green, and found amongst them the following species, which had only been previously recorded in Ireland : —
Tetxachastrum mucronatum, Dixon.
In all intermediate stages between the typical form and Tetra- chastrum oscitans, R.
From N. Wales.
Micrasterias angulosa, Hantsch.
In Sutton Park, near Birmingham.
Cosmarium pseudopyxamidatum, Lund.
North Wales.
Cosmarium speciosum, Lund,
Dunkeld.
Two or three other species of Cosmarium not yet determined.
Staurastrum cerastes, Lund.
Barmouth.
Docidium nodosum, Bailey.
Found at Barmouth, August, 1867.
Closterium directum, Archer.
Sutton Park, near Birmingham.
Closterium Fritchardianum, ArcJcer.
Barmouth, N. Wales.
Closterium gracile, Breb.
Barmouth, N. Wales.
Closterium cynthia, De Not.
Sutton Park, near Birmingham.
Apparently this species, with a striated membrane, although not so robust as the figure by De Notaris.
ADDITIONAL BRITISH DESMIDS.
39
Fenium Nageli, Breh.
Sutton Park, near Birmingham.
Spondylosium pulchellum, Archer,
N. Wales.
Spondylosium pygmaeum, (Rahh.) Glee.
Barmouth, N. Wales.
This is decidedly a Spondylosium, with a hyaline sheath, but it is as equally certain that the Cosmarium tinctum, flalfs., which is called a Spondylosium by Rabenhorst, and other Continental authors, is not a Spheerozosma or Spondylosium, but a good Cos- marium. And we very much doubt if Cosmarium pygmaeum. Archer, is any other than a Cosmarium, although called Spheerozosma by Rabenhorst. Mr. Archer is too critical and experienced an observer to have made such a mistake. This Desmid, however, may throw some light upon the subject. It has probably been confounded with the true Cosmarium pygmcmim, Ar., from which, notwithstanding its uniform size and appearance, we are disposed to regard it as distinct. At any rate, without stronger evidence than we yet possess, we cannot exclude the Cosmarium from our list. The present Spondylosium even when divided up into the Cosmarium form, still retains evidence of the hyaline sheath. Faint radiating lines, which are liable to be mistaken for cilia may, almost invariably, be observed, and these are evidently the margins or thickenings in the sheath. This may be verified by the intro- duction of aniline solution, or some coloured fluid.
Cryptogamic Society of Scotland. — The Sixth Annual Con- ference will be held in Glasgow, on September 27th-30th, and October 1st and 2nd, 1880, when all persons interested in Crypto- gamic Botany are invited to attend.
CRYPTOGAMIC LITERATURE.
Braithwaite, Dr. R. British Moss Flora. Parts 1-2.
Thumen, F. Fungi aliquot novi in terra Kirghisorum a Juliana Schell lecti, in “ Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital.,” July, 1880.
Jatta, a. Lichenum Italias meridionalis, manipulus tertius, in “ Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital.,” July, 1880.
Just, Dr. Botanischer Jahresbericht (for 1878), Vol. vi., part 1.
Thuemen, F. Contributiones ad Floram Mycologicam Lusi- tanicam. Pt. 2. (Reprint).
Peck, C. H. Thirty-first Annual Report of the N. Y. State Museum of Nat. History.
White, T. C. On the Resting Spores of Protococcus pluvialis, in “ Journ. Quekelt Micro. Club,” May, 1880.
40
CRYPTOGAMIC LITERATURE.
Mueller, Baron F. Index perfectus ad Car. Linnasi Species riantaiTim. 1st ed., 1753. Melbourne.
Uhlworm, Dr. O. Botanisches Centralblatt, Nos. 12 to 25.
Crisp, F. Cryptogamic Bibliography, in “ Journal of Royal Microscopical Society,” June, Aug., 1880.
Winter, Dr. G. Ueber einege Uredineen und Ustilagineen, in “ Hedwigia,” No. 7, 1880.
Mueller, Dr. J. Licbenologiscbe Beitrage, in “ Flora,” June, 11 and 21, 1880.
Groves, H. & J. Review of British Characese, in “ Journ. Bot.,” June,
Venturi. Notes Critiques sur le genre Orthotrichum, in “ Revue Bryologique,” No. 4, 1880.
WoLLE, F. Notes on Fresh-water Algag, in ‘‘American Monthly Microscopical Journal,” May, July, 1880.
Roumeguere, C. Sur un Nouvel habitat d’un Lichen rare dans Ics Pyrenees-orientales.
Brunard, P. Tableau dichotomique des families des Pyreno- mycetes, in “Revue Mycologique,” p. 129.
Brisson de Lenharree, T. P. Observationes Lichenologiques, in “ Revue Mycologique,” p. 141.
Fries, Th. M. Les Lichens des regions arctiques, in “ Revue Mycologique,” p. 145.
Roumeguere, C. Fungi in Australije et Asige a Jul. Remy collecti, “ Revue Mycologique,” p. 152.
Baglietto e Carestia. Anacrisi dei Licheni della Valsesie, in “ Atti della Soc. Critt. Ital.,” Vol. ii., pt. 2.
Cooke, M. C. The Genus Ravenelia, in “ Journ. Roy. Micro. Soc.,” June, 1880.
Grunow, a. On some new species of Nitzschia, in “ Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc.,” June, 1880.
Warming, E. Symbola ad floram Brasilise centralis ; Fungi (Berkeley), in ‘‘ Naturist. Foren. Vidensk Meddelelser,” 1879-80. '
Thuemen, F. Mycotheca universalis. Cent. xvii.
Cooke, M. C. Report on the Salmon Disease ( Sayrolegnia ) in “ Reports of Fisheries Commissioners of Great Britain.”
ViZE, J. E. Micro-Fungi Britannici Exsicc., fasc. iii.
Fries, E. leones Selectse Hymenomycetum, Vol. ii., part 5.
Van Heurck, Dr. H. Synopsis des Diatomees de Belgique. Part 1.
Bainier, G. Sterigmatocystis et Nematogonum, in “ Bull, de la Soc. Bot. de France,” No. 1, 1880.
Arnold, Dr. F. Lichenologische Ausfliige in Tirol, xxi. (Reprint.)
No. 50.]
[December, 1880.
A QUARTERLY RECORD OF CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY AND ITS LITERATURE.
ANIMAL NATURE ” OF MYXOMYCETES.
In a work recently published on the Infusoria, by Mr. Saville Kent, the exploded doctrine of the animal nature of Myxomycetes is revived in the following words — “ Formerly, and by some even yet regarded as a low order of fungi, or as a special group of organisms intermediate between animals and plants, which exhibit at one epoch of their life all the vital characteristics of the former, and at another those of the latter kingdom, their admission into the Protozoic galaxy or system will no doubt encounter objection. The evidence most recently and independently eliminated by L. Cienkowski and Dr. A. de Bary concerning the structure and life history of this most remarkable group, establishes, however, beyond question their purely animal nature.” After recapitulat- ing, in a summary compiled from De Bary's work, the phases of the life history oii\iQ Myxomycetes, the author proceeds to identify them with the sponges. “ In both the formation of the gigantic compound plasmodium, and in the development therefrom of the characteristic sporangia, these Myxomycetes exhibit certain phe- nomena singularly suggestive of a more or less remote affinity with the sponges. In these latter also the initial term takes the form of spore-developed uniflagellate monads, which uniting in social colonics, form a gelatinous mass, corresponding closely with the plasmodial element of the former group. In the fine horny net- work, usually contained with the spores within the sporangium developed by the mature plasmodium, a substance is produced singularly resembling the fine horn-like elements or keratose fibre of certain sponges, while, what is still more remarkable, in certain forms spicule-like bodies, composed of carbonate of lime, are also developed within the substance of the walls of the sporangium, or so called ‘peridium,’ that accord substantially in outline with the stellate siliceous spicula of the Tethyidce, and other familiar sponge groups. In illustration of the apparent close approximation of the Mycetozoa to the spongida and other flagellate Protozoa, as here presumed, the lower half of Plate xi. of this volume, with its accompanying descriptions, has been devoted to a reproduction of some of the more characteristic figures given by De Bary and
4
42
ANIMAL NATURE
OF MYXOMYCETES.
n
Cienkowski in the works quoted, that would appear to substantially support tbe author’s views.”
Competent, as Mr. Kent has shown himself to be, to deal with the Infusoria, it is much to be regretted that he should have gone out of the way to meddle with a subject which it requires only a perusal of what he has written to discover that he does not under- stand. It is quite unnecessary to do more than utter a protest against the assumptions of this author, inasmuch as mycologists will accept his opinions for what they are worth. Those who 'are 7/0^ mycologists might perhaps be induced to accept what has been written as acknowledged science, instead of exploded theory, but for some such protest.
It is quite true that De Bary wrote a book twenty years ago, in a hurry, and repented at leisure. He then believed in the animal nature of the Myxomycetes, or he thought that he did, which amounts to the same thing. In like manner he at first propounded the basis of the Swendenerian theory of Lichens, and then said no more about it. So also he opposed the discovery of the oogonia of the Peronospora, and believed them to be something else, as long as he could. Probably he now adheres to none of these three failures, because he has discovered at leisure that they are all fallacies. It is certain that he no longer holds the opinion that the Myxomycetes belong to the animal kingdom, but holds and teaches that they are veritable plants. Des[)ite of this, the theory pro- pounded twenty years ago, and since rejected by its author, Mr. Kent, says, “ The evidence most recently and independently eliminated by L. Cienkowski and Dr. de Bary concerning the structure and life history of this most remarkable group, establishes, however, beyond question, their purely animal nature f
The italics are ours. Tlie assumption we deny. The animal nature of the Myxomycetes rests on similar and no better evidence than the animal nature of the zoospores, so common in alga?, or the animal nature of diatoms, and, therefore, beyond question ” has no place in the sentence. When those who are best acquainted with the Myxomycetes, such as the mycologists who have made them a special study, accept them as “ beyond question of a purely animal nature,” it will be time enough for those who are not prac- tically acquainted with these organisms, to assume such a dictum as “ beyond question.” To assert, in the face of all the best authorities in mycology, that “ the animal nature of Myxomycetes is “ beyond question,” is an assumption of superior intelligence of which no author of good taste would be guilty.
Without waiting to enquire what this writer knows of the im- l)ortant Polish and Russian works on the Myxomycetes, which have appeared during the past twenty years, since they do not support his views, we would note the concluding paragraph of our extract from his work. It is clear from this that he has based his theory upon the figures which he has observed in illustrated books. Had he practically examined the organisms themselves he would have
^‘animal nature” of myxomycetes. 43
made his own drawings of such simple structures, and not accepted them at second hand. Then, he would have learnt how deceptive mere /brm can be, and that the “ fine horny net work, usually con- tained with the sjDores within the sporangium,” and also the “ spicule-like bodies composed of carbonate of lime developed within the substance of the walls of the sporangium ” are not so very much like the keratose fibre, and spicules of sponges after all. The late Dr. Bowerbank knew something of fungi, and Mr. H. J. Carter has examined Myxomycetes closely, and for this reason, although both are acknowledged as supreme authorities on sponges, they never recognised the close affinities between sponges and Myxogasters.
If we would seek the reason why this effort has been made to squeeze the Myxomycetes into the animal kingdom by stealth, it may be found illustrated by the following definition — “ The broad distinction insisted upon as subsisting between unicellular plants and animals is the capacity of animal organizations to incept and digest food-matter in its solid form, and the corresponding absence of such an inceptive faculty in all vegetable organisms.” Taking this as an absolute distinction between animals and plants, the Myxomycetes are declared to be “ undoubted animals,” because they do not “ undoubtedly ” incept and digest food-matter in its solid state.
Logic is again defied when animals of a very simple organiza- tion are admitted to a place in the scheme, although they do not “ incept and digest food-matter in its solid form,” but, on the con- trary, “ derive their nutriment by absorption from the fluid which they inhabit.” It is not, however, our intention to fight with these shadows of reasons for regarding the Myxogasters as animals. Our author has declared their “ undoubted animal nature.” To this we join issue, and declare our belief in their truly vegetable nature. The onus rests with him to substantiate his position, and produce his evidence, but it must be something more than the mere citation of De Bary and Cienkowski.
GEASTER COLIFORMIS IN NORFOLK.
I was much pleased to receive from my friend. Dr. J. D. Alexander, of Grimston, on Saturday last, September 25th, 1880, four fresh specimens of this rare Geaster, which, as far as I can make out, has not been found in Britain since the first decade of the present century. The specimens grew on a hedge bank in the village of Hillington, Norfolk. The largest of them measures six inches across the widest part of the outer coat or peridium, which is divided into ten unequal rays ; the inner peridium is no less than two inches in diameter, and has the beautiful silver-grey lustre mentioned by the older botanists, since whose time the fungus has hardly, if at all, been gathered in this country. In the specimen
44
GEASTER COLIFORMIS IN NORFOLK.
before me, as I write, the inner coat or peridium shines as if it were covered by a very tliin coating of silver leaf, totally unlike any other Geaster. It has no less than 40 distinct openings upon it. Another character, not noticed in the text-book, is that the inner peridium is minutely tuberculated. Neither of these points struck me when I examined the specimen in the British Museum herbarium some years ago ; but they are both observable on careful observation in a specimen my friend. Prof. C. A. J. A. Oudemans, of Amsterdam, sent me from Haarlem, gathered by him in January, 1877.
As showing the rarity of this species generally, it is worthy of note that Persoon, when he wrote the Synopsis in 1801, had seen no specimen, neither had Fries, when he wrote the Systema, in 1829. In this country it has been found (1) by Doody, “ in the lane from Crayford to Bexley Common” (Ray, Synop., ed. iii., p. 27, 1724); (2), by Mr. Merrett, at Hampton Court; (3), on sandy banks at Mettingham, Suffolk, and at (Jillingham and Ears- ham, Norfolk, by Messrs. Stone and Woodward (Linnean Trans., vol. ii., p. 59) ; (4), at Hanley Castle, Worcestershire, by Messrs. Ballard and Rufford (Withering, ed. ii,, vol. iv., p. 460, 1792 ; Purton, Midland Flora, vol. ii., p. 702 ; No. 1075, 1817). On the Continent it has been found at Haarlem and near Darmstadt (Fuckel, Symb. Myc., p. 37). The figure given (in vol. ii., plate XV.) by Mr. Worthington G. Smith, after Sowerby, t. 313, conveys a very accurate idea of the general appearance and habit of this fine Geaster. — Charles B. Plowright, in “ Gardener’s Chronicle,” Oct. 2, 1880.
Geaster coliforinis. — I have read Mr. Plowright’s communica- tion, at p. 439, as to Geaster coliforinis, in which he suggests that the plant has not been found in England since 1810. 1 am not
aware of any published notice of it, but knowing that my friend, Mr. G. B. Wollaston, had found it long since that time, I made enquiry of him. He tells me he found it in 1830, at Westwood, near Southfleet, in Kent, and again between 1836 and 1840 at Bridgen, near Bexley, in Kent ; also that in 1840 he saw a specimen found by a lady at East Wickham, near Plumstead, in Kent ; and he adds, “ I have since foutid it recently, but when and where I do not recollect.” I have thought that these facts might be of interest to your mycological readers. — Fredk. Cdrrey, “ Gardeners’ Chronicle,” Oct. 16, 1880, p. 506.
BRITISH SPECIES OF SPIRULINA.
Some difficulty having arisen through lack of figures of Spinilina whereby one species has been confounded with another, we have given the figures of three species on Plate 139. Of these fig. 1 represents Spirulina tenuissima, Kutz, found in brackish ditches at Northfleet, Kent, of which the portion marked b is still more
BRITISH SPECIES OF SPIRULINA.
45
highly magnified than our usual scale of 420 diameters. Fig. 2 is Spiridina Jenneri, Hass., found in several localities during the past year, with the articulations quite distinct, as shown also on an enlarged scale, at b. And fig. 3 is Spirulina oscillarioides , Turp., drawn from Rabenhorst’s Alg£e, No. 1015, which name inadver- tently has been applied to Spirulina Jenneri^ a much nobler species. All these figures are drawn to the same scale, as near as their minute diameter would permit. The other figures on the same plate represent some species of Staurastrum found by Mr. Wills in North Wales, of which tvTO additional plates are prepared for a succeeding number.
PI. 139, Fig. 1 Spirulina tenuissima, Kutz.
,, 2 Spirulina Jenneri, Ilass.
„ 3 Spirulina oscillaiioides, Turp.
„ 4 Staurastrum grande, Lund.
,, 5 Staurastrum sebaldi, var.
„ 6 Staurastrum anatinum, n.s.
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
{Continued from p. 34).
The following is a description of the four plates which accom- pany the text from pages 17 to 34. The plates are numbered from 135 to 138. The majority of the figures are drawn to the same scale as previous plates in this Journal, about 420 diameters, and also to the same uniform scale of the figures in “ Mycographia.”
DESCRIPTION OP PLATES.
PI. 135, f. 1. — Tremella micropera, K. & C. a, nat. size ; b, enlarged ; c, basidium; d, spores X 450.
,, 2. — Protostegia Lucleoe, K. & C. a, nat. size ; b, c, enlarged
receptacles ; d, section, enlarged ; e, spores X 450.
„ 3. — Oncospora viridans, K. & C. a, nat. size ; 5, a cluster en-
larged ; c, section ; d, spores X 450.
„ 4. — Uncospoia huUata, K. & C. Spores X 450.
„ 5. — Fuccinia helicfirysi, K. & C. Spores of both kinds X 450.
„ 6. — Fuccinia ornitiiogali, K. & C. Spores of both kinds X 450.
,, 7. — Fuccinia Africana, K. & C. Spores X 450.
„ 8. — Hemileia Woodii, K. & C. a, cluster of fruit X 450 ;
h, isolated sporangia j c, barren cysts X 450.
„ 9. — Isaria coralloidea, K. & C. a, portion of tuft X 70 ; 6, tip
of branch X 450.
„ 10. — Foly Cephalum aurantiacum, K. & C. a, nat. size ; b,
individual X 450 ; c, spores X 500.
PI. 136, f. 11. — Famularia Richardice, K. & C. Spores X 450.
„ 12. — Ramularia rumicis, K. & C. Threads and spores X 450.
„ 13. — Epochnium phyllogenum, K, & C. Portion of hyphae with
spores X 450.
46
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
PI. 136, f. 14 — Menispora cylindrica , K. & C. Hyphae, and spores X 450.
,, i5. — Fusicladium Julicjinosum, K. & C. Hypha, and spores X 450.
„ 16. — Cercospora hcemanthi, K. & C. Spores X 450.
„ 17. — Cercospora comaielyncB, K. & C. Spores X 450.
„ 18. — Exosporiwn celastri, K. & C. Portion of tuft with spores
X 450.
„ 19. — Helotium capensis, K. & C. Cup, nat. size; a, asci and
spores X 450.
„ 20. — Dermatea rufa, K. & C. Section of cup enlarged, with
spores X 450.
„ 21. — Phillipsia hermesina, K. & 0. (Helotium purpuratum, K.)
5, section of cup nat. size ; a, asci and sporidia X 450.
„ 22. — Stictis bella, K. & C. Cups enlarged.
„ 23. — Sphcerostilhe rosea, K. Cluster enlarged, with conidia X 450.
„ 24. — Sphccrostilbe nigrescens, K. & C. Cluster enlarged ; a,
conidia X 450 ; h, sporidia X 450.
„ 25. — Sphcerostilhe hypoo7'eoides, K. & C. Stroma, with section,
enlarged ; sporidia X 450.
PI. 137, f. 26. — Xylaria stilboidea, K. & C. a, nat. size ; h, enlarged ; c, sporidia X 450.
„ 27. — Lasiosphcsria capensis, K. & C. Sporidia X 450.
„ 28. — Ceratostoma cylindrica, K. & C. Ostiola enlarged, with
asci, and sporidia X 450.
„ 29. — Sphceria Africana, K. & C. Perithecium enlarged; asci
and sporidia X 450.
„ 30. — Bphceria intercepta, K. & C. Sporidia X 450.
„ 31. — Sphceria meiuloidea, K, & C. Sporidia X 450.
„ 32. — Sphceria cercispora, K. & C. Sporidia X 450.
„ 33. — Sphceria Owanioe, K. & C. Sporidia X 450.
„ 34. — rleospora lanceolata, K. & C. Sporidia X 450.
,, 35. — Pleospora refracta, K. & C. Sporidia X 450.
„ 36. — Venturia cephalarice, K. & C. Asci and sporidia X 450.
„ 37. — Dothidea oleafolice, K. & C. Sporidia X 450.
,, 38. — Dothidea arduince, K. & C. Sporidia X 450.
,, 39. — Dothidea scabies, K. & C. Asci and sporidia X 450.
PI. 137, f. 40. — Bhytisma grew ice, K & C. Sporidia X 450.
„ 41 — Asterina capensis, K. & C. Asci and sporidia X 450.
„ 42. — Asterina erysiphoidea, K. & C. Perithecium with sporidia
X 450.
„ 43. — Asterina ditricha, K. & C. Hyphae and conidia X 450.
,, 44. — Asterina Macowaniana, K. & C. Asci and sporidia X 450.
„ 45. — Asterina confluens, K. & C. Perithecia X 450.
PI. 138, f. 46. — Asterina fimbriata, K. & C. Perithecium magnified ; b sporidia X 450.
„ 47. — Asterina reticulata, K. & C. Perithecium magnified; b, por-
tion of mycelium ; c, sporidia X 450.
„ 48. — Asterina solaris, K. & C. Perithecium enlarged ; a, hyphae,
X 450.
„ 49. — Meliola ganglifera, K. & C. Portion of mycelium X 450 ;
b, further magnified.
„ 50. — 3Jeliola pohjtricha, K. & C. a, hyphae and conidia X 450;
h, perithecium enlarged.
„ 51. — 3Jeliola inermis, K. & C. a, portion of mycelium X 450;
, b, asci and sporidia X 450.
GREVILLEA
PL. 135.
SOUTH AFRiCA^4 FUNGJ,
grevillea
PL. 136.
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
GREViLLEA
PL. 137.
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
SOUTH AFRICAN FUNGI.
QREVILLEA
SPIRULINA cund Staurastrurrh.
47
ON SPORE DIFFUSION IN THE LARGER ELVELLACEL*
By Chas. B. Plowright.
We have all frequently observed the clouds of sporidia, resem- bling puffs of smoke, which take place from the hymenia of the larger Pezizcs in a ripe condition. These jet-like expulsions of sporidia are apt to convey a very incorrect notion of the manner in which the fruit of this group of fungi is disseminated under ordi- nary circumstances. The jet-like clouds of smoke are the result of the rupture of a number of asci simultaneously. They occur only when the Peziza has attained full maturity, the asci being, so to speak, in a state of tension from their contents having attained the maximum amount of development. Under such circum- stances the giving way and consequent emptying of one ascus dis- turbs the equilibrium of those in immediate contact with it, and as they are lully matured, the slight concussion thus produced is a sufficient exciting cause, to render manifest the latent elasticity of their walls ; the measure of which elasticity being determined by the distance to which the cloud is expelled.
On the 29th May, 1879, I gathered about one hundred speci- mens of Morchdla gigas^ Pers., and laid them out separately upon boards in my study. In the evening, as the rays of the setting sun fell obliquely upon them, I observed that all the older speci- mens were quietly and continuously diffusing their sporidia. Each sporidium was distinctly visible to the naked eye, floating in the air, twisting and turning in the sunlight. The head of each of the morells in question was surrounded by a cloud of sporidia extend- ing three or four inches above and around it. This cloud could only be seen in the oblique light against a dark background. When acted upon by a gentle current of air, such as would be produced by gently waving the hand, it swayed to and fro, without manifesting any tendency to become dispersed. The component sporidia were in constant motion, rising and falling, atid circling about, as if the law of gravity was a myth existing only in the imagination of philosophers, W hen the cloud was blown quite away by a more powerful air-current, it in the course of a few seconds reformed. The contents of each ascus could be seen to be sepa- rately ejected in a minute jet, consisting of a limited number of sporidia, which speedily became lost with the others forming the cloud.
The phenomenon above described is interesting from a physio- logical point of view, as showing the capabilities of the unaided human eye. These sporidia measured only about one-Iiundredth of an inch in their long diameter, and five-one-thousandths of an
* Read at the meeting of the Woolhope Clnb, Oct 8th, 1880.
48 ON SPORE DIFFUSION IN THE LARGER ELVELLACEI.
inch in their short — yet they could distinctly be seen to be bodies having length and breadth.
That the process above described is the normal mode in which the sporidia of the Morchellce are diffused, and not the result of an accidental chain of circumstances, is further shown in another way. A lady, who has a particularly irritable skin, and who has often accompanied me in my mycological excursions, was never able to gather Morells without suffering from a very unpleasant ery- thema of the face, the explanation of which was never arrived at until the above observations were made, although experience had taught her that the Morells must always be kept at arm’s-length.
What particularly struck me when observing these spores being given off, was the facility with which they floated in the air, having little or no tendency to subside. Their specific gravity must be very low, and this, aided by their gyrations, will account for the extensive and, when aided by air-currents, rapid diffusion of Elvel- laceous sporidia.
DR. MINKS ON THE STRUCTURE OF LICHENS.
You have favoured me with a copy of No. 49 of “ Grevillea,” containing a paper on the letter which I published in the “ Revue Mycol.,” No. 7, for the French-speaking public, especially for the readers of that journal — a favour for which I thank you most sincerely.
The intention of Mr. Phillips has certainly deserved the acknow- ledgments of the English public, but they may decide with what success he has solved his theme.
In order to enable the readers to completely understand my recti- fication, the necessity of which appears both urgent and indis- pensable, I subjoin the following sketch: —
The three tissues of the body of lichens, the recently-discovered hyphema, the gonohyphema (formerly the hyphoidal system), and the gonidema, are not separated from each other by sharp limits ; they are only modifications of a single anatomical principle, created for physiological and morphological ends. Each tissue contains in its cells at least one microgonidium. That not all the cells of these tissues, notwithstanding their including green corpuscles, appear green in the microscope image, reposes simply on optical conditions. The intensity of green colour of the goiiidia does not depend, as Mr. Phillips inaccurately translated, on the niicrogo- nidia, but on the intensity of their colour, and much more on the number and arrangement of these corpuscles in each cell. That explains how, not only real hyplue, but also true gonidia, with their products, can aj^pear now colourless, now green. Mr. Phil- lips, after correctly translating my precise definition — that the microgonidium is the criterion of the cell of lichens in opposition
DR. MINKS ON THE STRUCTURE OP LICHENS.
49
to that of fungi, that, consequently, no homogenousness of the hyphaj in both plants does exist, falls into that inconceivable con- tradiction of making me say that, as regards systematic botany, the gonidia are the criterion of the two great vegetable kingdoms.
According to my explication, if we shall be enabled to conceive a vegetable form as a lichenic one, we have not to prove the presence of gonidia in its body, but of microgonidia in its cells, we have to search for the hyphema, etc. ; in short, to demonstrate that it is subject to quite other laws than the fungus, in its vegeta- tive and reproductive life. In the whole train of argument, the criterion, consisting in the presence of the microgonidia, is the most simple and commodious, so that the very tyro or dilettante may he expected to make himself familiar with it. In future, at least, an examination of the cells of the fructification, paraphyses and thecae, with their spores, must by all means take place.
Anticipating that the readers of my letter would have the well- done plates of my work before their eyes, Lreferred to them, espe- cially to the last plate, under the firm conviction that a glance must inform any botanist a little acquainted with the structure of the concerned parts of what, in verbal translation I pronounced. It may be seen that the thecaspore cannot at all be the product of intracellular free formation,* for the microgonidia contained in all the cells of the fructifying parts are equally here in morphological activity, from the commencement to the end. The origination of the spores reposes on simple metamorphoses of cells of ready hyph^ containing microgonidia, and if no metamorphosis ensues, the hyphae become and remain what is called paraphyses.
It was properly I, the discoverer and author, whom alone it might be allowed to give such a brief epitome — as it were, the quintesceiice of my workf — since its real tendency could and should be no other than to direct the attention of the French public to these novelties. Should the same end be reached among the English public, of course an uncurtailed translation of my letter ought to have been given, but still more, two anticipations ought to have been answered : that the reader of my French letter had also read all the publications in that journal on my lichenolo- gical discoveries, and that an understanding of my paper without a contemporary inspection of the figures of my work — the most important of which are even cited — is hardly to be obtained.
iVJr. Phillips does not fulfil these anticipations — for he even neglects meutioning that my letter insists on them. With him I complain that the same space (insignificant as it is) which the “ Revue Mycologique ” has afforded, was not allowed for his im- portant communication. Already my letter, reduced in your
* Mr. Phillips makes me say, that the thecaspore is onlxj the product of free intercellular formation.
t “ Das Micrngonidium. Ein Beitrag zur Keuntniss des wahren Wesens der Flechten.” Basle (H. Georg), 1879, with 6 col. plates.
50
DR. MINKS ON THE STRUCTURE OF LICHENS.
journal nearly to one-third of its extent, could and should not pretend to make a satisfactory extract of my book, for which I published in “ Flora,” 1878, Nos. 14-20, a much more compre- hensive treatise. But neither this restriction of the intention of tlie eminent English fungist, nor his consideration of the circum- stance that I was “ not writing in my native language, hut more especially on account of my views being quite novel, and subversive of our preconceived notions of the morphology and physiology of lichens,” seems to have caused him to fall into so striking an op- position to words of my paper. If with consideration of the narrow space, a reproduction of my paper should be given, in so much as it interests the fungists and the followers of the Schwen- denerian doctrine, this end could be reached by uniting all the most essential passages into a uniform representation.
If we consider that the definition hitherto accepted of lichens, as it heads a well-known work of recent date, sounds “ Plantae cellulares thallo gonidiifero praeditae sporasque libera generatione ortas in ascis foventes,” and that the entire intention of my com- prehensive work was to overthrow that definition, a solemn protesta- tion from my part against the statements ascribed to me will appear well justified. One will even wonder how to Mr. Phillips my new facts could appear as very theories, after he had raised the suspicion that I had stated such wanton utopias.
The English public will finally partake of my conviction that a detailed exposition of my new doctrine in English is now still more urgently required, and lend their assistance to its apparition in every way, for which purpose I recommend to translate the paper published in“ Flora ” 1878, l.c., under omission of the con- cluding words and certain notes. As such a translation would extraordinarily gain by the citation of figures of my exhaustive work, I declare myself ready for promoting its execution.
Beseeching you to print the above lines in the next number of your journal, I remain, sir, yours most respectfully,
’ l3r. A. Minks.
P.S. — I am hoping that my paper will not contain thus much errata as that of Mr. Phillips.
Note on the Above, by W. Phillips.
I strongly disclaim any intention of misrepresenting the opinions of Dr. Minks in the brief abstract of his paper, of which he com- plains, and I am glad that he undertakes to correct any errors into which 1 might have fallen, as there is nothing more to be wished than a clear exposition of his theories. I trust, however, that your readers will derive more light from his communication above than I am able to do.
DR. MINKS ON THE STRUCTURE OF LICHENS.
51
Please to correct the following typographical errors in my abstract : — Page 34, line 13 from the top, for “ plates given them,” read ‘‘plates given there.” Page 35, line 12 from top, for “ mi- crogonidia maintained,” read “ microgonidia maintain.” Page 36, line 1, for “ hyptra,” read “ hypha line 16 from bottom, for “Mallus,” read “thallus.” Page 37, line 1, for “ mecaspore,” read “ thecaspore line 5 Ironi top, for “mecaspore,” read “ thecaspore ; ” line 9 from top, for “ meci,” read “ theci.”
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI DESCRIBED OR NOTICED IN “ GREVILLEA.” VOLS. L— Vlll.
By Greenwood Pim, M.A., F.L.S.
In presenting to the readers of “ Grevillea ” the accompanying Index to the British Fungi in the first eight volumes of that serial, the compiler believes he is, to some extent at least, supply- ing a want that has been felt by almost all students of our Mycologic Flora.
It is now some twelve years since Dr. Cooke’s “ Handbook ” appeared, and since that time the records of new species have been so very numerous as to make it no easy matter to turn at a moment’s notice to the exact page and number of “ Grevillea.” in which such additions are to be found, forming as they do no small or unimportant portion of its contents. In a f(‘W cases where a species is noticed a second time and merely referring to a former notice, it has been indexed only once, viz., the first occurrence.
In compiling such an Index, it is no easy matter to eliminate every error, especially where the amount of time available has been limited and irregular; it is hoped, however, that the errors are few and unimportant, and that this list may serve, in some sort, as a concise record of the progress of British Mycology till a second edition of the “ Handbook ” is given to the public.
Acremonium ranigenum, B. ^ Br. iEcidium depauperans, Vze.
,, incarceratum, B. ^ Br.
,, Parnassiae, Graves
,, Scrophulariae,
Agaricus (Amanita) magnificus, Fr.
,, (Armillaria) aurantius, Schceff. ... „ „ bulbiger, A. ^ N. ...
,, „ denigritus, Fr.
„ „ haematites, B. ^ Br.
,, „ robustus, A. ^ N. ...
|
I. |
21 |
|
V. |
57 |
|
.. III. |
181 |
|
II. |
161 |
|
.. III. |
74 |
|
.. VI. |
97 |
|
II. |
lOd |
|
165. V. |
56 |
|
I. |
56 |
|
.. VI. |
97 |
|
56. IV. |
165 |
52
NDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI.
|
Agariciis |
(Armillaria) subcavus, Schum. ... |
... IV. |
33 |
|
|
>> |
(Clitocybe) aggregatus, Sch. |
... VII. |
128 |
|
|
}} |
yy |
amaius, Br. |
... VIII. |
74 |
|
yy |
amarella, P. |
... VI. |
98 |
|
|
»5 |
yy |
angustissimus, Pr. ... |
... IV. |
33 |
|
>) |
yy |
cretatus, B. ^ Br. ... |
V. |
56 |
|
JJ |
yy |
concavus. Scop. |
... IV. |
166 |
|
J? |
yy |
ditopus, Fr. |
... VIII. |
97 |
|
>> |
yy |
diatritus, Fr. |
... IV. |
33 |
|
yy |
expallens, Fr. |
... IV. |
166 |
|
|
» |
yy |
ericetorurn, Fr. |
II. |
109 |
|
yy |
gangrenosus, Fr. |
... II. |
109 |
|
|
J» |
yy |
gilvus, P |
... IV. |
166 |
|
yy |
yy |
membranaceus, Fr. ... |
I |
73 |
|
yy |
yy |
nigrescens, Lasch. ... |
I. |
73 |
|
yy |
yy |
obsoletus, Batsch. ... |
... VII. |
128 |
|
yy |
yy |
orbatus, Fr. |
I. |
73 |
|
yy |
yy |
parilis, Fr. |
I. |
73 |
|
yy |
pausiacus, Pr. |
... VII. |
128 |
|
|
>> |
yy |
rivulosus, P. |
... VII. |
127 |
|
yy |
yy |
Sadleri, Bk. |
... VII. |
127 |
|
yy |
yy |
socialis, Fr. |
... VI. |
98 |
|
yy |
yy |
splendens, Fr. |
... IV. |
166 |
|
yy |
yy |
subalutaceus, Batsch. |
... IV. |
166 |
|
yy |
yy |
subinvolutus, Sm. |
... II. |
109 |
|
yy |
yy |
tornatus, Fr. |
I. |
73 |
|
yy |
yy |
tuba, P?-. |
II. 108. VII. |
127 |
|
yy |
(Clitopilus) stilbocephalus, ^ Br. |
... VII. |
131 |
|
|
>> |
yy |
vilis, Pr. |
I. |
82 |
|
yy |
(Collybia) |
ambustus, Schum. |
... IV. |
34 |
|
y> |
yy |
aquosus. Bull. |
... II. |
109 |
|
)> |
yy |
caldarii, B. |
I. |
89 |
|
yy |
yy |
cirrbatus, Sch. |
V. 56, V. |
118 |
|
yy |
clusilis, Fr. |
I. |
74 |
|
|
yy |
yy |
coracinus, Fr. |
I. |
74 |
|
yy |
yy |
distortus, Pr. |
I. |
74 |
|
yy |
yy |
Dorotliese, B. |
I. |
89 |
|
yy |
yy |
extuberans, Batt. |
... VIII. |
74 |
|
yy |
yy |
hariolorum. Bull. |
... VII. |
128 |
|
yy |
yy |
laxipes, Fr. |
... VIII. |
74 |
|
yy |
yy |
murinus, Batsch |
I. |
74 |
|
yy |
yy |
muscigenus, Schum. ... |
... IV. |
34 |
|
yy |
yy |
Nevillas, B. |
I. |
89 |
|
yy |
yy |
nitellinus, Fr. |
... VII. |
129 |
|
yy |
yy |
nummularius. Bull. ... |
... VII. |
129 |
|
yy |
yy |
rancidus, Fr. |
... IV. |
167 |
|
yy |
yy |
semitalis, Pr. |
... VII. |
128 |
|
yy |
yy |
ytevensonii, B. 4' |
... IV. |
34 |
|
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI. |
53 |
|||
|
Agaricns (Collybia) |
stolonifer, Jmig. |
... VII. |
129 |
|
|
5j |
77 |
succineus, Schwf. |
... II. |
109 |
|
n |
77 |
tosquorum, Fr. |
... VII. |
129 |
|
>7 |
77 |
tjlicolor, Fr. |
... II. |
109 |
|
> J |
77 |
ventricosus, ... IV. |
167, VII. |
128 |
|
5J |
( Crepidotus) calolepis, |
... VII. |
132 |
|
|
>y |
77 |
epibryus, Fr. |
... VII. |
132 |
|
}} |
77 |
Phillipsii, B. ^ Br. ... |
... VI. |
101 |
|
)} |
(Deconica) |
ammophilus, Mont. ... |
... V. |
3 |
|
i7 |
(Eccilia) |
acus, Sm. |
... IV. |
35 |
|
77 |
77 |
atropunctus, P. |
... IV. |
35 |
|
)) |
77 |
flosculus, Sm. |
... IV. |
35 |
|
77 |
77 |
nigrella, P. |
... VI. |
100 |
|
77 |
(Entoloma) |
resutus, Fr. |
... IV. |
85 |
|
7 y |
Saundersii, Fr. |
... II. 63. |
113 |
|
|
77 |
Thomsoni, B. ^ Br. ... |
... V. |
1 |
|
|
77 |
Wynnii, B. Br. ... |
... II. |
113 |
|
|
77 |
(Flammula) alnicola, Fr. |
I. |
85 |
|
|
77 |
77 |
apicreus, Fr. |
V. |
2 |
|
77 |
77 |
astragalinus, Fr. |
... II. |
115 |
|
77 |
77 |
conissans, Fr. inauratus, Sow. |
I. |
85 |
|
77 |
77 |
... II. |
115 |
|
|
77 |
77 |
juncinus, Sm. |
... II. |
115 |
|
7} |
77 |
lubricus, Fr. lupinus, Fr. |
I. |
85 |
|
77 |
V. |
2 |
||
|
77 |
77 |
mixtus, Fr. |
I. |
85 |
|
77 |
pusiolus, Fr. |
... II. |
115 |
|
|
77 |
(Galera) minutus, Qa. |
... VI. |
100 |
|
|
77 |
yy |
rubiginosus, P. |
I. |
86 |
|
77 |
vittseformis, |
V. |
3 |
|
|
77 |
(Hebeloma) Bongardii, Weinm. I. 84, IV. 86, VI. |
22 |
||
|
77 |
calamistratus, Fr. capnocephalus. Bull |
I. |
84 |
|
|
77 |
yy |
... VII. |
132 |
|
|
77 |
yy |
Clarkii, B. ^ Br. ... |
... II. |
114 |
|
77 |
yy |
elatus, Batsch. |
I. |
84 |
|
yy |
firmus, P. geopliyllus. Sow. |
V. 2, I. |
84 |
|
|
77 |
yy |
I. |
84 |
|
|
77 |
yy |
lanuginosus, |
I. |
85 |
|
77 |
yy |
lugens, Fr. |
... VII. |
131 |
|
77 |
yy |
mussivus, Fr. |
... VIII. |
75 |
|
77 |
yy |
petiginosus, Fr. |
... VIII. |
75 |
|
77 |
yy |
pbsejoceplialus, Bull. |
I. |
83 |
|
77 |
yy |
relicinus, Fr. |
... II. |
114 |
|
77 |
scobellus, Fr. |
I. |
84 |
|
|
77 |
yy |
truncatus, Fr. |
... II. |
114 |
|
77 |
yy |
uniformis, P. |
I. |
85 |
|
77 |
(Hypholoma) |
cascus, Fr. |
... V. |
33 |
|
77 |
77 |
elgeodes, Fr. |
... IV. |
36 |
54
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI.
|
Agaric US |
(Hyplioloma) leiicoteplirus, i?. |
I. |
87 |
|
,, silaceus, P. |
... IV. |
36 |
|
|
,, storea, Pr. |
... IV. |
36 |
|
|
,, sublateritius, var. /S'c^op/fen. ... VII. |
132 |
||
|
J? |
(Inocjbe) asterosporus, Q. |
... VIII. |
76 |
|
,, carptus, Pr. |
... VI. |
100 |
|
|
iJ |
,, cincinnatus, Pr. |
... VI. |
100 |
|
J J |
,, descissus, Pr. |
... V. |
1 |
|
„ dulcaraarus, P. |
... VI. |
100 |
|
|
J5 |
,, hirsutus, Lasch. |
... VIII. |
76 |
|
5> |
,, maritimus, Pr. |
V. |
1 |
|
J» |
„ phseocepbalus, Pw//. ... ,, Trinii, |
... VII. |
131 |
|
J) |
... VI. |
100 |
|
|
J5 |
,, Reiinyi, B. ^ Br. |
... VII. |
131 |
|
n |
„ Whitei, B. ^ Br. |
V. |
2 |
|
?> |
(Lepiota) amianthinus. Scop. var. |
... VII. |
127 |
|
j > |
,, bioiTiatus, B. 4' Br. |
... VI. |
97 |
|
> j |
,, cinnabarinus, Pr. |
... IV. |
33 |
|
j’ |
,, delicatus, Pr. |
I. |
56 |
|
5 > |
,, ermineus, Pr. |
I. |
56 |
|
>> |
,, Georginaj, S7n. |
I. |
55 |
|
„ granulosus, Batsch. var. carch arias. |
Pr. ... II. |
108 |
|
|
5> |
„ medullatus, Pr. |
... VII. |
12 |
|
? J |
,, mesomorphus, Pr. ... |
... VII. |
27 |
|
J> |
,, metul£esporus, B. 4' Br. |
I. 55, VI. |
22 |
|
)> |
„ racliodes, Pr., sub. sp. puellaris, Pr |
•. ... VI. |
97 |
|
5) |
,, ramentaceus, P«Z/. ... „ seminudus, Lasch. ... |
I. |
56 |
|
i? |
... VI. |
97 |
|
|
,, sistratus, Pr. |
1. |
56 |
|
|
»> |
„ Terreii, B. 4" Br. |
I. |
55 |
|
» |
(Leptonia) getbiops, Pr. ,, cliloropolius, Pr. |
... VI. |
99 |
|
>? |
... VIII. |
75 |
|
|
JJ |
„ lazulinus, Pr. |
I. |
83 |
|
,, lappula, Pr. |
I. |
82 |
|
|
5) |
,, nefrens, Pr. |
... VII. |
131 |
|
„ solstitialis, Pr. |
I. |
82 |
|
|
>» |
(Mycena) aetites, Pr. |
... IV. |
34 |
|
5) |
,, amictus, Pr. |
... VI. |
98 |
|
>) |
,, ammoniacus, Pr. |
I. |
81 |
|
5) |
,, atrocyaneus, Batsch. |
I. |
74 |
|
J> |
,, aurantio-marginatus, Pr. |
VI. 99, IV. |
167 |
|
J? |
,, clavicularis, Pr. |
... VII. |
130 |
|
)) |
„ coccineus. Sow. |
... VIII. |
75 |
|
>? |
,, cohaerens, A. P. ... ,, collariatus, Pr. |
I. |
74 |
|
... IV. |
168 |
||
|
>» |
,, debilis, Pr. |
... IV. |
168 |
|
,, excisus, Lasch. |
IV. 167, VI. 99 |
|
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI. |
55 |
|||
|
Agaricns |
(Mycena) |
galericulatus, var. calopiis, Fr. |
IV. |
34 |
|
?? |
leptocephalus, P. |
VII. |
129 |
|
|
yj |
J» |
lineatus, Bull. |
viir. |
74 |
|
yy |
?» |
metatus, /&. |
IV. |
168 |
|
j> |
peltatus, F?'. |
I. |
81 |
|
|
yy |
V |
plicato-creiiatus, Fr. |
VII. |
129 |
|
yy |
jj |
plioosus, Fr. |
VI. |
98 |
|
yy |
V |
psammicola, B. ^ Br. VI. 99, IV. |
167 |
|
|
yy |
5» |
r u b r 0 - m ar g i 11 a tu s , F'r . , |
||
|
var. fusco-j)urpurens, Lascli. |
VI. |
98 |
||
|
yy |
sacchariferus, B. Br. |
1. |
81 |
|
|
y y |
V |
stanneus, Fr. |
VIII. |
74 |
|
V |
sudoriBs, Fr. |
VIII. |
74 |
|
|
yy |
5) |
tintinabnlns, Fr. |
VII. |
129 |
|
yy |
zeptiirus, Fr. |
VI. |
98 |
|
|
yy |
(Naucoria) |
badipes, Fr. |
VII. |
132 |
|
yy |
crobulus, Fr. |
I. |
86 |
|
|
y^ |
dispersus, B. ^ Br. ... |
II. |
115 |
|
|
yy |
>5 |
echinosporus, Sm. |
I. |
184 |
|
yy |
5) |
graminicola, N. |
V. |
2 |
|
yy |
V |
pusiolus, i^r. |
II. |
115 |
|
yy |
>5 |
scolecinus, |
I. |
86 |
|
yy |
?> |
semiflex us j B. ^ Br. |
I. |
85 |
|
yy |
sobrins, Fr., var. dispersus, Fr. |
II. |
115 |
|
|
yy |
1? |
temulentus, A'r. |
V. |
2 |
|
yy |
(Nolanea) |
tenax, Fr. |
I. |
86 |
|
yy |
cjelestiiius, Fr. |
IV. |
35 |
|
|
yy |
?? |
fulvo-strigosus, B. ^ Br. |
VI. |
99 |
|
yy |
yy |
icterinus, Fr. I. 83, II. 114, IV. |
35 |
|
|
yy |
yy |
infula, Fr. |
VII. |
131 |
|
yy |
yy |
inunctus, Fr. |
I. |
83 |
|
yy |
yy |
mammosus, L. ... I. 83, II. |
113 |
|
|
yy |
yy |
rufocarneus, B. ^ Br. |
V. |
56 |
|
y y |
yy |
verecundus, Fr. |
I. |
83 |
|
yy |
(Omphalia) |
abhorrens, B. ^ Br.... |
VII. |
130 |
|
yy |
yy |
bullula. Brig. |
VII. |
136 |
|
yy |
yy |
fibula, Bull. var. Swartzii, ... |
II. |
113 |
|
yy |
yy |
fulvo-strigosus, B. ^ Br. |
VI. |
99 |
|
yy |
yy |
bydrogrammus, B''r. |
VI. |
98 |
|
,, |
yy |
leucophyllus, Fr. |
I. |
81 |
|
yy |
r |
maurus, Fr. ... IV. 167, VI. |
99 |
|
|
yy |
yy |
pliilonotis, Lasch. |
IV. |
34 |
|
yy |
yy |
pictus, Fr. ... |
VI. |
99 |
|
yy |
yy |
pseudo-andiosaceus. Bull. |
VII. |
130 |
|
yy |
yy |
retostus, Fr. |
VII. |
130 |
|
yy |
rusticus, P. |
82 |
||
|
yy |
yy |
stri^pileus, Fr. |
VI. |
99 |
|
yy |
yy |
umbelliferus, Fr. |
||
|
var. abiegnus, B. ^ Br. |
IV. |
34 |
56
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI.
|
) umbilicatus, >S'c/i<^.' ... |
... VI. |
99 |
|
acuminatus, Fr. |
I. |
87 |
|
spbiiictrinus, Fr. |
... VI. |
100 |
|
segerita, Fr. |
... VIII. |
97 |
|
arrli enia, |
ir. |
114 |
|
confragosus, Fr. |
I. |
83 |
|
Cookei, Fr. |
...V. 56 & 118 |
|
|
terrigenus, Fr. var. minor, B. Br. |
V. |
1 |
|
unicolor, Fr. |
V. |
1 |
|
Valilii, Schum. |
... VI. |
100 |
|
tlexilis, Fr. gadinioides, S7)i. |
.. VII. |
131 |
|
I. |
184 |
|
|
pulmonarius, Fr. |
... IV. |
168 |
|
mutilus, Fr. |
I. |
82 |
|
reniformis, Fr. ... VI |
. 99, VII. |
130 |
|
Rutlue, B. 4" Br. ... |
... VII. |
130 |
|
liaemorrhoidarius, ScliJz. |
V. |
3 |
|
inunctus, Fr. |
... II. |
116 |
|
merdarius, Fr. |
I. 86, 11. |
116 |
|
bifrons, B. |
V. |
118 |
|
caliginosus, |
V. |
4 |
|
caudatus, Fr. |
I. |
88 |
|
empjreumaticus, Br. |
I. |
88 |
|
subatratus, Batsch. ... |
I. |
87 |
|
agnarius, Fr. |
I. |
87 |
|
atrorufus, Schf. |
... VII. |
133 |
|
ammopbilus, D. B. 4" |
... VI. |
101 |
|
cbondrodermus, B. 4' Br. |
V. |
3 |
|
hygropliilus, Fr. |
... VII. |
133 |
|
mucisedus, Fr. |
V. |
4 |
|
scobicola, B.4' Br. ... |
... VII. |
133 |
|
caput medusie, Fr. ... |
V. |
3 |
|
inunctus, Fr. |
I. |
83 |
|
Percevali, B. 4" Br. ... |
... VII. |
132 |
|
thraustus, Kalch. |
... VI. |
101 |
|
scobinaceus, Fr. |
... IV. |
101 |
|
Worthingtoni, Fr. ... |
... II. |
63 |
|
atrocinereus, P. |
... VIII. |
73 |
|
caelatus, />. |
I. |
72 |
|
cerinus, P. |
... VI. |
97 |
|
civilis, |
... IV. |
166 |
|
inanuenus, Fr. |
... VII. |
127 |
|
leucocephalus, Fr. ... |
... IV. |
165 |
|
lixivius, |
1. |
72 |
|
loricatus, Fr. |
... IV. |
165 |
|
macroceplialus, Schlz. |
... II. |
113 |
|
militaris, Lasch. |
... IV. |
06 |
|
paedidus, Fr. |
... IV. |
33 |
|
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI. Agaricus (Tricholoma) panasolus, Fr. |
IV. |
57 33 |
|
|
„ „ praviis, Lascli. „ ,, putidus, Fr. |
. , . |
I. |
72 |
|
I. |
72 |
||
|
,, ,, resplendens, Fr. |
I. |
72 |
|
|
„ ,, sordidus, Fr. |
. . . |
I. |
72 |
|
,, „ virgatus, Fr. |
... |
IV. |
165 |
|
,, (Tubaria) autochthonus, B. ^ Br. |
V. |
56 |
|
|
,, „ cupularis, Bull. |
. . . |
VI. |
101 |
|
,, (Vol varia) medius, Fr. |
I. |
82 |
|
|
,, ,, temperatus, B. ^ Br. |
... |
VII. |
131 |
|
Ailographium varium, Desm. |
... |
II. |
165 |
|
Anthostoma cubiculare, Fckl. |
VI. |
25 |
|
|
Arcyria congesta, B. ^ Br. |
V. |
13 |
|
|
,, ferruginea, Rost. |
... |
V. |
13 |
|
„ Friesii, B. ^ Br. |
. . . |
V. |
13 |
|
Ascobolus amethystinus, PA. |
. . . |
IV. |
84 |
|
,, atrofuscus, P. ^ P. ... |
... |
II. |
186 |
|
,, aurora, Crouan |
I. |
132 |
|
|
„ carneus, var. cuniculi. Bond. |
II. |
187 |
|
|
,, consociatus, B. ^ Br. |
... |
III. |
123 |
|
„ Cookei, Bond. |
I. |
132 |
|
|
„ crenulatus, Pars;. |
IV. |
112 |
|
|
„ Crouani, Penny |
III. |
185 |
|
|
,, cunicularius. Penny ... |
III. |
185 |
|
|
,, lacteus, C. 4" Ph. |
V. |
119 |
|
|
„ Leveillei, Penny |
III. |
185 |
|
|
,, obscurus, Che. |
IV. |
112 |
|
|
„ ochraceus. Bond. |
V. |
62 |
|
|
„ parvisporus. Penny |
... |
III. |
185 |
|
,, pilosus, Fr. |
IV. |
112 |
|
|
,, subhirtus. Penny |
... |
III. |
185 |
|
„ viridis, Currey |
... |
II. |
186 |
|
„ viridulus, P. ^ P. |
VIII. |
103 |
|
|
,, Woolhopensis, |
III. |
185 |
|
|
Ascochyta armoracise, PcAZ. |
VI. |
186 |
|
|
„ metuloespora, B. 4" Br. |
VI. |
128 |
|
|
Ascomyces alni, B. ^ Br. |
V. |
62 |
|
|
„ pruni, Fckl. |
V. |
62 |
|
|
,, Tosquinetii, West |
VI. |
25 |
|
|
Aspergillus nigricans, Auct. |
VI. |
127 |
|
|
Asterina veronicse. Lib. |
V. |
122 |
|
|
Bactridium acutum, P. ^ tF. |
VI. |
73 |
|
|
Badhamia capsulifer, B. |
i. |
40, V. |
12 |
|
,, fulvescens, Cke. |
. .. |
IV. |
69 |
|
Belonidium pullnm, P. 4" K. |
VI. |
75 |
|
|
Bolbitius rivulosus, B. ^ Br. |
... |
VII. |
133 |
|
Boletus gereus. Bull |
. . . |
IV. |
38 |
|
,, carnosus. Post. |
... |
IV. |
38 |
|
„ collinitus, Fr. |
... |
I. |
114 |
|
„ cyanescens, Bull. |
... |
II. |
134 |
5
58
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI.
Boletus inunctus, Kromh,
„ pacliypus, var. amarus, Fr. „ prui natus, Fr.
,, pusio, Hoivse „ radicans, Fr.
„ spadiceus, Schff.
,, sulfnreus, Fr.
Botrytis argillacea, Cke.
Boudiera areolata, C. ^ Ph.
Bulgaria purpurea, Fchl.
Calocera palmata, Fr.
Cantharellus albidus, Fr.
,, Friesii, Q.
„ Houghtoni, Ph.
„ Stevensoni, B. ^ Br.
Capnodium citri, B. ^ D.
,, salicinum, Mont.
Cenangium eric£e, Fr.
„ laricinum, FcM.
„ subnitidum, C. 4' Pk.
Cepbalotheca sulfurea, Fckl.
Ceratostoma helvellge, Cke.
Chagtomium funicolum, Cke.
„ glabrum, B.
,, griseum, Cke.
,, rufulum, B. ^ Br. ...
Cbondrioderma niveum, Rost. ...
„ CErstedtii, Rost.
Cienkowskia reticulata, A. ^ S.
Cladoderris minima, B. 4" Br.
Cladotrichum uniseptatum, Cke.
Clasterisporium vermiculatum, Cke
Clavaria condensata, Fr.
„ curta, Pr.
,, incarnata, Wein.
„ Krombholzii, FV.
,, Kunzei, Fr.
„ ligula, Fr.
,, rosea, Fr.
,, rufa, Fr.
,, spinulosa. Per.
,, tuberosa. Sow.
Coleosporium cacalias, DC.
,, ochraceum, Fckl.
,, pingue. Lev.., var.
,, senecionis, Fr.
Coprinus narcoticus, Fr.
„ sociatus, Fr....
Corticium amorpbum, Fr.
,, cinnamomeum, Fr.
„ citrinum, P.
IT. 133 II. 134 I. 114 VIII. 4 11. 134
... VIII. 4 II. 133, IV. 37, VI. 22 ... III. 183 ... VI. 76 ... II. 163 V. 11 ... IV. 37 ... VIII. 2 V. 8, V. 56 ... IV. 37 V. 64 I. 175 ... VI. 24 ... II. 187 ... III. 186 ... VI. 128 I. 175 I. 176 II. 165 I. 175 II. 165 V. 12 V. 12 ... VI. 71 ... VI. 124 .. III. 182 ... IV. 69 V. 11 II. 136, IV. 67 ... VIII. 98 V. 11 ... VIII. 7 ... VII. 8 I. 26 ... II. 136 I. 116 ... VI. 67 ... VI. 73 ... III. 181 Alcbemillaa ... III. 180
... III. 180 ... Vllf. 97 ... VIII. 76 V. 10 V. 11, VI. 125 ... \I. 125
|
Corticium |
INDEX TO BRITISH ferrugineum, i^r. |
FUNGI. V. |
59 11 |
|
|
j) |
foetidum, B. 8^ Br. |
• • • |
... VIII. |
7 |
|
5> |
lacunosum, B. ^ Br.... |
... II. |
135 |
|
|
1) |
limitatum, Mort. |
• • • |
... VI. |
125 |
|
porosum, B. ^ C. |
• . • |
... VIII. |
7 |
|
|
puberum, Fr. |
• • ♦ |
VI. 125, VIII. |
7 |
|
|
) J |
salicinum, Fr. |
V. |
10 |
|
|
>> |
scutellare, B. ^ C. |
... VIII. |
7 |
|
|
serum, Fr. |
• >• |
V. |
11 |
|
|
siibdealbatum, B. Br. |
... VIII. |
7 |
||
|
typliae, Fckl. |
... IV. |
no |
||
|
violaceo-lividum, Fr. |
... VI. |
125 |
||
|
Cortinarius anthracinus, -Fr. |
I. |
no |
||
|
armillatus, Fr. |
• • • |
... II. |
117 |
|
|
?? |
bivelus, Fr. |
• « • |
I. |
no |
|
>) |
bolaris, Fr. |
• • • |
V. |
118 |
|
3? |
camurus, Fr. |
• • • |
V. |
5 |
|
cinn abarinus, |
... II. |
117 |
||
|
>3 |
claricolor, Fr. |
• • • |
V. |
4 |
|
53 |
croceo-coeruleiis, Fr. |
. . . |
V. |
4 |
|
3? |
cyani tes, Fr. |
... |
V. |
5 |
|
3) |
decipiens, Fr. decoloratus, Fr. |
... |
... II. |
117 |
|
33 |
. . • |
V. |
4 |
|
|
decumbens, Fr. |
... |
... VIII. |
1 |
|
|
33 |
detonsus, Fr. |
V. |
6 |
|
|
33 |
delibutus, Fr. |
... |
... VIII. |
97 |
|
33 |
dilutus, Fr. |
. • • |
... VI. |
102 |
|
33 |
duracinus, Fr. |
. . . |
... VIII. |
1 |
|
33 |
erytbrinus, Fr. |
. . . |
... VI. |
102 |
|
33 |
fasciatus, Fr. |
. • . |
... VIII. |
78 |
|
?3 |
flexipes, Fr. |
... |
... VIII. |
97 |
|
33 |
bsematoclielis, Fr. ... |
• . . |
1. 111,11. |
117 |
|
33 |
belvolus, Fr. |
• • • |
... II. |
117 |
|
33 |
imbutus, Fr. |
... Vlil. |
109 |
|
|
33 |
incisus, Fr. |
• • • |
I. |
111 |
|
33 |
largus, Fr. |
... |
... VIII. |
76 |
|
33 |
licinipes, Fr. |
... |
V. |
5 |
|
33 |
milvinus, |
V. 6, VIII. |
77 |
|
|
33 |
myrtillinus, |
V. |
5 |
|
|
33 |
obtusus, Fr. |
• •• |
I. |
111 |
|
33 |
Orel] anus, Fr. |
I. no, 11. |
117 |
|
|
33 |
paleaceus, Fr. |
... |
... VIII. |
77 |
|
33 |
penicillatus, Fr. |
. . . |
... VIII. |
77 |
|
plumiger, Fr. |
V. |
5 |
||
|
33 |
pluvius, Fr. |
I. |
no |
|
|
33 |
poipbyropus, Fr. |
... II. |
116 |
|
|
33 |
punctatus, Fr. |
V. |
6 |
|
|
33 |
quadricolor, Fr. |
... VJ. |
101 |
|
|
33 |
redimitus, Fr. |
. . . |
V. |
5 |
|
33 |
Riederi, i^r. |
... VIII. |
76 |
60
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI.
|
Cortinai’iiis saginiis, Fr. |
V. |
56 |
|
,, sebaceus, Fr. |
V. |
4 |
|
„ scutulatus, Fr. |
... VIII. |
77 |
|
,, subferrugineus, Fr. ... |
I. |
111 |
|
,, traganus, |
II. 116, IV. |
36 |
|
,, triumphans, Fr. |
I. no, II. |
116 |
|
„ turmalis, Fr. |
... VIII. |
11 |
|
,, uraceus, Fr. |
... VIII. |
77 |
|
„ urbicus, Fr. |
... VIII. |
77 |
|
„ venetus, Fr. |
V. |
5 |
|
Craterellus clavatus, |
... IV. |
66 |
|
Craterium leucostictum, |
V. |
13 |
|
Cribraria fulva, var. intermedia, Schrad. ... |
V. |
13 |
|
„ macrocarpa, Schrad. ... |
V. |
13 |
|
Cronartium pseonise, Tul. |
... III. |
124 |
|
Cucurbitaria, dulcamara, Fr. |
... II. |
188 |
|
„ euonymi, Cke. |
... II. |
67 |
|
„ rhamni, Fckl. |
... VI. |
26 |
|
Cylindrosporium ficariae, Bk. |
... III. |
184 |
|
,, longipes, Preus. |
... VI. |
126 |
|
,, niveum, B. ^ Br. |
... III. |
184 |
|
,, , rhabdospora, B. ^ Br. |
... III. |
183 |
|
„ senecionis, B. ^ Br. |
... V. |
58 |
|
Cyphella catilla, Sm. |
... II. |
135 |
|
,, dochmiospora, B. ^ Br. |
... II. |
136 |
|
,, fraxinicola, B. ^ Br. ... |
... IV. |
66 |
|
„ pallida, B. ^ Br. |
... II. |
135 |
|
„ stuppea, B ^ Br. |
... VI. |
125 |
|
Cystotricha aureodisca, C. |
... V. |
66 |
|
Dacrymyces macrosporus, B. Br. |
... II. |
136 |
|
„ succineus, Fr. |
... VIII. |
154 |
|
„ vermiformis, B. ^ Br. |
... VI. |
125 |
|
Dactylium cervinum, B. ^ Br. |
... VI. |
127 |
|
,, implexum, B. ^ Br. |
... II. |
138 |
|
,, melleum, B. Br. |
... II. |
138 |
|
,, modestum, B. ^ Br. |
... VI. |
74 |
|
,, Eennyi, |
... ir. |
138 |
|
„ spirale, B. ^ Br. |
... VI. |
74 |
|
Daedalea heteromorpha, |
... VIII. |
6 |
|
,, mollis, |
... II. |
131 |
|
Dermatea Houghtoni, P^. |
... VI. |
24 |
|
,, ulicis, Cke. |
... III. |
186 |
|
Desmazierella acicola. Lev. |
... III. |
J26 |
|
Delitschia bisporula, Han. |
... VI. |
28 |
|
„ minuta, Fck. Diaporthe arctii, Lascli. |
... VI. |
29 |
|
... VI. |
26 |
|
|
,, aucubie, Sacc. |
... VII. |
81 |
|
„ ceramblycola, P. ^ Pr. |
... VI. |
128 |
|
„ Chailletii, Nke. "... |
... VIII. |
106 |
|
„ dulcamara, Nke. |
... VI. |
26 |
|
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI. Diaportlie importata, |
... VIIT. |
61 107 |
|
|
„ obsoleta, Sue. |
... VI. |
26 |
|
|
„ phillyre^, C. |
... VII. |
81 |
|
|
,, protracta, Nle. |
... |
... VI. |
26 |
|
,, putator, Nke. |
... |
... VI. |
26 |
|
,, riimicis, Nke. |
... VIII. |
197 |
|
|
,, Ryckholti, Nke. |
... VI. |
26 |
|
|
„ samaricola, P. PL ... |
... III. |
126 |
|
|
,, sarothamni, Nke. |
. . . |
... VI. |
26 |
|
,, spina, Fckl. |
... III. |
126 |
|
|
„ Wibbii,, Nke. |
... VI. |
26 |
|
|
Diatrype verrucaeformis, Ehr.^ var. |
Tocciseana, |
Be Not. I. |
155 |
|
Didymosph aeria acerinum, Behm. |
. . . |
... VI. |
27 |
|
Dinemasporium fimeti, Ph. ^ P. |
... IV. |
119 |
|
|
Diplodia sapinea, Fckl. |
... III. |
124 |
|
|
„ syringae, Awd. |
... |
II. 186, III. |
65 |
|
,, viticola, Desm. |
. . . |
... III. |
124 |
|
Dothidea angelicae, Fr. |
... III. |
126 |
|
|
,, epityphae, Cke. |
. . . |
... VII. |
79 |
|
,, filicina, Fr. |
II. |
164 |
|
|
,, fran gulae, |
... VIII. |
106 |
|
|
,, Jolmstoni, Br. |
... II. |
126 |
|
|
,, rimosa, A'r. |
... VIII. |
106 |
|
|
„ sambuci, |
... VII. |
79 |
|
|
Endodesmia glauca, B. ^ Br. |
I. |
21 |
|
|
Entyloma ungerianum, DeBy. |
... VI. |
73 |
|
|
Epicoccum micropus, Ca. |
I. |
20 |
|
|
Eurotium fulvescens, Cke. |
. . . |
... VIII. |
11 |
|
Eustegia arundinacea, A'r. |
. . . |
... IV. |
67 |
|
Eutypa aspera, |
... VI. |
128 |
|
|
Excipula congregata, Cke. |
... III. |
178 |
|
|
„ petiolicola, Fckl. |
... IV. |
119 |
|
|
Exobasidium Rhododendri, Cr. ... |
... VIII. |
8 |
|
|
,, Vaccinii, Woron ... |
V. |
59 |
|
|
Fusarium cucumerinum, B. ^ Br. |
V. |
58 |
|
|
,, minutulum, Ca. |
... III. |
183 |
|
|
,, rhabdophorum,R. |
V. |
58 |
|
|
,, translucens, jB. ^ Br. ... |
V. |
58 |
|
|
Fusidium asteris, P. ^ PI. ,, cylindricum, Ca. |
... VI. |
23 |
|
|
... IV. |
120 |
||
|
,, geranii. West. |
... III. |
184 |
|
|
Fusisporium filisporum, Cke. |
... VIII. |
8 |
|
|
„ Kulinii, Fck. |
... IV. |
120 |
|
|
,, obtusum, Cke. |
V. |
58 |
|
|
Geaster lageniformis, Vitt. |
... II. |
35 |
|
|
,, mammosus, Fr. ,, Miclielianus, Sow. |
V. |
12 |
|
|
II. 35, IV. |
68 |
||
|
„ saccatus, Fr. |
... II. |
137 |
|
|
„ synopsis of |
... |
... II. |
76 |
|
„ truncatus, Vitt. |
... |
I. |
40 |
G2
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI.
|
Geoglossum, synopsis of ,, microsporum, Cke. ^ Feck. |
... III. |
133 |
|
var. tremellosum |
... IV. |
109 |
|
Gibbera flacca, Wallv. |
... VI. |
25 |
|
Glaeosporium Hendersoni, B. ^ Br. |
... VI. |
126 |
|
„ violee, B. ^ Br. ... |
... VI. |
126 |
|
Gnomonia pinophylla, P. ^ P. ... |
... VII. |
88 |
|
„ fimbriata, P. |
... VIII. |
68 |
|
Grandinia crustosa, P. |
... IV. |
66 |
|
,, crustosa, var. lignorum, Fr. |
... VI. |
124 |
|
,, mucida, Fr. |
... VI. |
124 |
|
Graphium stilboideum, Ca. |
I. |
20 |
|
Guepinia peziza, TnJ. |
... VI. |
71 |
|
Gymnosporangium pbysciee, Raich. |
... IV. |
119 |
|
Helicomyces roseus, Lk. |
... II. |
139 |
|
,, tubulosus, Pdess. ... |
... HI. |
178 |
|
Helmintbosporium arundinaceum, Ca. |
... II. |
186 |
|
„ exasperatum,^. ^ Br.... |
... II. |
138 |
|
,, macilentum, Cke. |
... VI. |
74 |
|
„ rbopaloides, Fes. |
V. |
58 |
|
Helotium advenulum, P//. |
... VI. |
24 |
|
„ geogenum, Cke. |
... VI. |
65 |
|
,, laburni, B. Br. |
V. |
62 |
|
,, melleum, B. 4" -Sr. |
... III. |
122 |
|
„ scoparium, Cke. |
... IV. |
111 |
|
„ sublateritium, B. 4" Pr. |
... III. |
122 |
|
Helvella atra, Ron. |
... VI. |
127 |
|
,, infula, Pc/i/. Hendersonia exigua, Cke. |
... VIII. |
99 |
|
... III. |
178 |
|
|
„ lirellae, Cke. |
... VI. |
72 |
|
„ salicina, Vize. |
... VI. |
72 |
|
Heterosporium, conspectus of |
V. |
122 |
|
Hiatula Wyimiee, B. 4" Br. |
... VII. |
133 |
|
Hydnangium carneum, WaUr. ... |
... II. |
136 |
|
Hydnum anomalum, P. 4" -Sr. |
... IV. |
39 |
|
,, aurantiacum, 4" S. ... |
... II. |
134 |
|
,, bicolor, A. 4' P- |
I. |
116 |
|
,, cirrbatum, P. |
I. 115, II. |
135 |
|
„ compactum, Fr. |
... II. |
135 |
|
,, ferrugineum, |
... II. |
135 |
|
,, leevigatum, Sw. |
V. |
9 |
|
„ limonicolor, B. 4" -Sr. ... |
... VI. |
124 |
|
„ melaleucum, Fr. |
I. |
115 |
|
,, melleum, B. 4' -Sr. |
... IV. |
39 |
|
„ multiformis, P. ^ P?'. ... |
... VI. |
124 |
|
,, nodulosum, Pr. |
... VI. |
124 |
|
,, scabrosum, Pr. |
... VIII. |
98 |
|
,, sepultum, P. 4" -Sr. |
... VIIL |
6 |
|
„ scrobiculatum, Fr. |
I. |
115 |
|
,, sordidum, Wein. |
... VI. |
124 |
|
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI. |
63 |
||
|
Ilydnum |
squamosum, Schcef. |
... IV. |
39 |
|
5? |
Stevensoni, B. 4' Br. ... |
IV. |
39 |
|
Ilygrophorus caprinus, i^r. |
I. |
113 |
|
|
cinereus, Fr. Clarkii, B. ^ Br.... |
V. 7, VI. |
121 |
|
|
yj |
II. |
118 |
|
|
J J |
discoideus, Fr. |
V. |
7 |
|
erubescens, Fr. ... |
... VI. |
71 |
|
|
foetens, Ph. |
... VII. |
74 |
|
|
fornicatus, Fr. glauconitens, Fr. ... |
... II. 118, IV. |
36 |
|
|
... VI. |
121 |
||
|
V |
Houghtoni, ... |
... II. |
118 |
|
yy |
irriguus, Fr. |
I. |
113 |
|
yy |
lacmus, Fr. limacinus, Fr. |
VIII. |
2 |
|
yy |
I. |
113 |
|
|
yy |
livido albus, Fr. ... |
II. |
118 |
|
jy |
metapodius, Fr. ... |
... II. |
118 |
|
yy |
micaceus, B. ^ Br. |
VIII. |
2 |
|
yy |
mucronellus, Fr. ... |
... IV. |
118 |
|
yy |
nemoreus, Fr. |
... VI. |
121 |
|
yy |
olivaceo-albus, Fr. |
V. |
118 |
|
yy |
penarius, Fr. |
... VIII. |
1 |
|
yy |
pratensis, var. meisneriensis, Fr. ... II. |
118 |
|
|
yy |
„ var. pallida, B. |
^ Br. ... II. |
118 |
|
yy |
]3ulverulentus, B. ^ Br. |
... VI. |
121 |
|
yy |
sciopbanus, Fr. ... subradiatus, Fr. ... |
V. |
7 |
|
yy |
... VI. |
121 |
|
|
yy |
turundus, Fr. |
I. |
113 |
|
yy |
ventricosus, B. ^ Br. |
... VIII. |
1 |
|
yy |
Wyniiias, B. ^ Br. |
... VIII. |
2 |
|
Hymenoctiaete Stevensoni, B. ^ B7\ |
... VIII. |
7 |
|
|
Hymenula constellata, B. ^ Br |
V. |
11 |
|
|
yy |
platani, Lev. |
... VIII. |
111 |
|
Hyptielia rosea, Fr. |
... IV. |
67 |
|
|
Hypocrea aureoviridis, F. 4" C. ... |
... VIII. |
104 |
|
|
^y |
contorta, B. 4’ C. |
... IV. |
123 |
|
yy |
riccioidea, Fr. |
... VIII. |
9 |
|
yy |
rigens, Fr. |
... VIII. |
104 |
|
yy |
tremelloides, Fr. |
... VIII. |
104 |
|
Hypocreopsis pulchra, Wint. |
... IV. |
123 |
|
|
Hypomyces cervinus, Tul. |
... VIII. |
104 |
|
|
}} |
chrysospermus, Tul. |
VIII. 104, VIII. |
9 |
|
)) |
terrestris, PI. |
... VIII. |
105 |
|
?) |
violaceus, Tul. |
... VIII. |
104 |
|
viridis, /iT. |
... VIII. |
105 |
|
|
Hypoxylon majusculum, Cke. |
... VII. |
80 |
|
|
if |
miniatum, Cke. |
... VII. |
80 |
|
Hysterium arundinaceum, var. graminum, Schrad. ... IV. |
68 |
||
|
a |
,, culmigenum, Fr. ... lY. |
68 |
|
|
a |
spbseroides, A. ^ S. |
III. |
66 |
|
a |
„ var. rhododendri. |
A. S. ... III. |
67 |
64
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI.
|
Irpex pendulus, Fr. |
V. |
9 |
|
,, spathulatus, Fr. |
... VIII. |
6 |
|
Isaria spliiugum. Schw. |
II. |
126 |
|
,, spumarioides, Cke. |
... IV. |
69 |
|
„ touieutella, Fr. |
... VI. |
126 |
|
Kneiffia subgelatiuosa, B. ^ By.... |
... IV. |
66 |
|
Labrella ptaiTuic£e, Desm. |
II. |
57 |
|
Lactarius exsuccus, aSttz, |
II. |
119 |
|
,, ichoratus, Fr. |
... VIII. |
98 |
|
„ lilaciuus, Lasch. |
... VIII. |
98 |
|
,, minimus, Sm. „ obliquus, Fr. |
II. 119, V. |
7 |
|
... VI. |
122 |
|
|
,, obnubilis, Lasch. |
... VIII. |
2 |
|
,, picinus, Fr. „ pubescens, Fr. |
... VIII. |
110 |
|
V. |
56 |
|
|
„ scoticns, B. ^ Br. ,, squalidus, Kromb. „ Terrei, |
... VIII. |
2 |
|
V. |
7 |
|
|
... VI. |
122 |
|
|
„ vietus, Fr. |
... VI. |
122 |
|
Lascliia coccinea, Sm. |
... IV. |
39 |
|
Lentinus resinaceus, Trog „ pulverulentus, Fr. |
I. |
114 |
|
V. |
8 |
|
|
„ scoticus, B. Br. |
... IV. |
37 |
|
Leotia circinans, P. |
III. 66, V. |
59 |
|
,, Stevensoni, B. Br. Leptostroma glecliomatis, B. ^ Br. |
... VIII. |
8 |
|
... Ill |
177 |
|
|
Leptothyrium pictum, B. 4' Br.... |
... III. |
177 |
|
Lindbladia eftusa, Fr. |
V. |
13 |
|
Lopbiostoma angustatum, P. |
... VIII. |
107 |
|
,, hederge, Fckl. |
... III. |
67 |
|
,, quadrinucleatum, K. |
... VIII. |
107 |
|
Lopbium fusisporum, Cke. |
... IV. |
114 |
|
„ laeviusculum, K. |
... VIII. |
103 |
|
Lycogala flavo-fuscum, Ehr. |
V. |
12 |
|
Lycoperdon ecbinatum, Pers. |
... II. |
137 |
|
,, Hoylei, P. ^ Br. ... |
I. |
40 |
|
Macrospora scirpi, |
... II. |
48 |
|
Macrosporium cladospoiioides, Desm. |
... III. |
66 |
|
„ nobile, Vize. |
V. |
119 |
|
Marasmius Broomei, B. |
... VIII. |
4 |
|
,, calopus, Fr. |
... VIII. |
3 |
|
„ Curreyi, B. ^ Br. |
... VIII. |
4 |
|
,, epicbloe, Fr. |
V. |
8 |
|
„ impudicus, Fr. |
... VIII. |
3 |
|
„ institius, Fr. |
... VIII. |
3 |
|
,, languidus, Fr. |
... VI. |
123 |
|
„ polyadelpbus, Lasch. |
... VIII. |
110 |
|
„ saccbarinus, Fr. |
... VIII. |
4 |
|
,, scorteus, Fr. ,, splacbnoides, Fr. |
... VI. |
122 |
|
... VIII. |
100 |
|
|
„ terginus, Fr. |
... II. |
119 |
|
INDEX TO BRITISH Marasmius torquescens, Q. |
FUNGI. |
... VI. |
65 123 |
|
„ Vaillantii, Fr. |
... |
... VIII. |
3 |
|
,, vatricosus, Fr. |
... VIII. |
3 |
|
|
Massaria rliodostoma, Tul. |
... VI. |
26 |
|
|
Melanconis modonia, 2\lI. |
... III. |
67 |
|
|
Mclanconium elevatum, Ca. |
... |
... III. |
178 |
|
Melanospora chionea, Ca, |
... VIII. |
105 |
|
|
„ vervecina, Desm. ... |
... VIII. |
105 |
|
|
Melogramma rubricosum, Tul. ... |
... VI. |
25 |
|
|
Merulius lieticolor, B. ^ Br. |
... VI. |
123 |
|
|
Mitrula alba, Sm. Mouosporium saccbarinum, B ^ Br. |
... |
I. 136, II. |
162 |
|
... II. |
137 |
||
|
Morcbella gigas, P. |
. . • |
... VIII. |
98 |
|
Mucor pruinosum, B. Br. |
... III. |
184 |
|
|
„ stoloni fer, Ehr. |
• . . |
... VI. |
127 |
|
Myxotriclium ochraceum, B. ^ Br. |
... |
... III. |
184 |
|
Nectria affinis, Grev. |
... |
... VIII. |
9 |
|
„ aurea, Grev. |
... VIII. |
9 |
|
|
,, caulina, Cke. |
V. |
62 |
|
|
,, citrino-aurantia. Leer. |
II. 164, IV. |
68 |
|
|
„ ditissima, Tul. |
... VIII. |
105 |
|
|
„ epigasa, Cke. |
... VIII. |
10 |
|
|
,, furfurella, B. 4' Lr. |
... |
I. |
155 |
|
,, Keitliii, B. ^ Br. ,, lecanodes, Ces. |
... |
... V. |
62 |
|
... VI. |
25 |
||
|
,, Leightoni, Bk. |
I. |
155 |
|
|
,, mammoidea, P. ^ P. |
... III. |
126 |
|
|
,, peltigerae, Ph. ^ P. |
... IV. |
123 |
|
|
„ Plovvrightiana, Sacc. |
. . . |
... VIII. |
105 |
|
,, ribis, Tode |
... VIII. |
105 |
|
|
Nummularia gigas, P/. |
... VIII. |
106 |
|
|
Nyctalis caliginosa, Nm. |
II. |
119 |
|
|
Octaviana compacta, 'Tul, |
... Vlll. |
8 |
|
|
Odontia barba Jovis, Fr. |
I. |
116 |
|
|
Qildoceplialum roseum, |
I. 184, II. |
139 |
|
|
Ohleria obducens, Wein. |
... VI. |
27 |
|
|
Oidium aurantium, Cke. |
I. |
20 |
|
|
,, microspermum, B. Br. |
... II. |
139 |
|
|
Omhrophila brunnea, Ph. |
. . . |
... VIII. |
103 |
|
Orbicula periebaenoides, Cke. |
... VIII. |
10 |
|
|
Ostracoderma pulvinatum, Fr, |
... VI. |
125 |
|
|
Panus patellaris, Fr. |
... VI. |
123 |
|
|
„ Stevensoni, B. ^ Br. |
... VIII. |
4 |
|
|
Patellaria constipata, Blax. |
I. |
132 |
|
|
„ Fergussoni, B. Br. |
... III. |
123 |
|
|
„ ligniota, F/\ |
... VI. |
25 |
|
|
,, pallida, B. |
... viir. |
9 |
|
|
Paxillus filamentosus, Fr. |
I. |
111 |
|
|
„ lepista, Bk. |
V. |
6 |
|
|
„ leptopus, Fr. |
... VI. |
22 |
6
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI
CG
Paxillus paradoxus, Bk.
„ spilomaeolus, Fr.
Penicillium coffeicolor, B. ^ Br.
,, megalosporum, B. ^ Br. Perich^eria decipiens, B. 4' Br.
„ picea, B. Sf Br.
„ quercina, Fr.
Periconia brassiciecola, B. 4"
,, Phillipsii, jL.
Peridermium acicolum, Lk.
,, corticoluni, Lk.
Peronospora affinis, Ross.
,, calotheca, DeBy. ...
,, entospora B. 4 Br.
„ ficariae, Tul.
,, lijoscyami, DeBy. ...
„ interstitialis, B. 4 Br.
,, Lamii, Bravn.
„ rufi basis, i?. ^ B/’. ...
„ violae, DeBy,
Pestalozzia funerea, Desm.
Peziza (Coch.) adae,
„ (Hjm.) albida, Roh.
„ (Hym.) amentacea, ...
,, (Hym.) amenti, ...
,, (Al.) ammophila, DR. ...
,, amphibola, Nyl.
„ (Cocli.) apophysata, C. 4 P- ,, (Mol.) aquosa, B 4 Br. ...
,, (Dasy.) aranea, Not.
,, (Mol.) arrhenavaga, Ph
,, (Pat.) artemisise, Lasch. ...
„ asterostoma, Ph. ...
„ (Cocli.) auricula, Cke. ...
,, (Tap.) Bloxami, B. & Br.
„ (Hum.) bovina, Ph.
,, (Das.) biTinneola, Desm.
,, (Mac.) bulbosa,
,, (Hu ) Biilli, Sm.
,, (Das) calycina var. Trevelyan! ,, (Das.) candidata, Cke.
,, (Hy ) Candolleana, Lev. ...
„ (Dy.) caucus, Reb.
,, (Pat.) cerastiorum, Wall.
,, (Hum.) cervaria, Ph.
,, (Mol.) Cbateri, Sm.
„ (Mol ) ciborium,
,, (Das.) citricolor, B. 4 Br.
,, (Sar.) cocotina, Cke.
„ (Das.) comitessse, Cke. ...
,, (Hym.) concolor, PA.
|
IV. 118, V. |
6 |
|
... VI. |
102 |
|
V. |
58 |
|
... III. |
183 |
|
V. |
14 |
|
... II. |
137 |
|
I. 40, II. |
137 |
|
... III. |
181 |
|
III. 182, 111. |
124 |
|
... VI. |
72 |
|
... VI. |
72 |
|
... VI. |
127 |
|
1. 120, III. |
183 |
|
I. |
20 |
|
L 21, II. |
138 |
|
... II. |
139 |
|
... III. |
183 |
|
1.21,11. |
138 |
|
... III. |
183 |
|
... IV. |
109 |
|
... III. |
178 |
|
... VI. |
75 |
|
... VI. |
127 |
|
... VI. |
23 |
|
I. |
130 |
|
V. |
59 |
|
I. |
132 |
|
V. |
60 |
|
1. |
130 |
|
VIII. 101, |
111 |
|
... IV. |
122 |
|
I. |
131 |
|
... VII. |
140 |
|
V. |
GO |
|
... IV. |
121 |
|
... VIII. |
100 |
|
III. 122, |
125 |
|
... VIII. |
99 |
|
I. 120, 11. |
162 |
|
... III. |
121 |
|
1. |
130 |
|
... VI. |
127 |
|
... VI. |
23 |
|
... IV. |
66 |
|
... VIII. |
100 |
|
1. 120, n. |
162 |
|
... IV. |
119 |
|
I. |
129 |
|
V. |
61 |
|
... IV. |
111 |
|
... VIII. |
102 |
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI.
Peziza (Hum.) constellatio, B. ^ Br. „ (Sar.) coprinaria, Cke. ...
,, (Mac.) corium, Weher
,, (8ar.) cretea, Cke.
„ (Dasy.) crucifera, Ph.
„ (Sar.) crucipila, C. ^ P.
,, (Sarc.) dalmeniensis, Ckr.
„ diminuta, Bob.
,, (Hum.) domestica, Sow. ...
,, (Hum.) eclecta, B. ^ C
,, (Mol.) electrina, P.
,, (Mol.) elaphines, B. ^ Br.
,, (Dasy) Ellisiana, Rehm. ...
,, (Mol.) epithalina, P. ^ PI.
„ (Das.) escharodes, B. ^ Br.
„ eupliorbite, B. Br.
,, (Hum.) exidiilormis, B. ^ Br.
,, (Mol.) excelsior, K.
,, (Mol.) filispora, Cke.
„ (Das.) flammea, A. ^ S
,, (Mol.) flaveola, C.
,, (Mol.) fsecunda, Ph.
,, (Das.) friabilis, Ph.
,, (Das.) fuscescens, P.
,, (Hum.) fnsispora, B.
„ (Hum.) hinnulea, B. ^ Br.
,, birta, Sch.
,, (Sarc.) hirtococcinea, P. 4' P.
,, (Mol.) liydnicola, B.
,, incarnata, Cke.
„ indiscreta, Ph. cj* P.
,, (Al.) isabellina, W. G. S.
„ Keitbii, Ph.
,, laricis, Rehm.
„ (Das.) lasia, P. ^
,, (Hu.) lechitliina, Cke.
,, (Mol.) litoralis, PA.
,, (Coch) luculenta, Cke. ...
,, (Das.) luzulina, Ph.
„ (Mol.) maura, Ph.
,, (Hum.) maurilabrae, C. ...
,, (Sar.) melastoma, Soiu. ...
,, (Mol.) melateplira, Lasch.
„ (Cup.) mellea, C. Sf PI. ...
,, (Mol.J mercurial is, Fckl
,, (Das.) miliaiis, Wallr. ...
„ (Hym.) monilifera, Fckl
,, muralis, Sow.
,, (Das.) nuda, PA.
„ (Das.) oedema, Desm.
„ (Hum.) ollaris, Fr.
|
IV. |
67 110 |
|
IV. |
91 |
|
59, VI. |
23 |
|
VI. |
75 |
|
VIII. |
100 |
|
V. |
61 |
|
III. |
66 |
|
III. |
184 |
|
VI. 23, 60 |
|
|
V. |
60 |
|
VIII. |
155 |
|
I. |
130 |
|
IV. |
169 |
|
VI |
24 |
|
I. |
130 |
|
VIII. |
8 |
|
III. |
120 |
|
viir. |
102 |
|
III. |
66 |
|
IV. |
121 |
|
I. |
131 |
|
VIII. |
102 |
|
IV. |
121 |
|
V. |
61 |
|
III. |
120 |
|
I. |
129 |
|
III. |
125 |
|
VIII. |
100 |
|
I. |
131 |
|
I. |
131 |
|
VIII. |
99 |
|
136, II. |
162 |
|
VIII. |
100 |
|
IV. |
169 |
|
1— 1 !-H |
162 |
|
IV. |
110 |
|
IV. |
121 |
|
V. |
60 |
|
IV. |
121 |
|
IV. |
122 |
|
VI. 64, 75 |
|
|
IV. |
120 |
|
VIII. |
102 |
|
V. |
119 |
|
VI. |
24 |
|
IV. |
121 |
|
IV. |
3 |
|
VIII. |
99 |
|
VIII. |
101 |
|
VIII. |
101 |
|
VIII. |
8 |
|
08 |
INDEX TO BRITISH |
FUNGI. |
||
|
Peziza (Das.) palearum, Desm. ... |
... IV. |
121 |
||
|
(Hy.) pallidovirescens, PA. |
... VI. |
24 |
||
|
5> |
(Mac.) Percevalii, PA. ... |
V. |
59 |
|
|
(Hum.) Phillipsii, Cke. ... |
... IV. |
110 |
||
|
>) |
(Mol.) plantaginis, FckL... |
I. |
181 |
|
|
J) |
(Hum.) pluvialis, Cke, |
... IV. |
110 |
|
|
pseudotuberosa, Mehm. |
. . . |
... VIII. |
102 |
|
|
J> |
(Mol.) pteridis, ^ P. |
I. |
155 |
|
|
J) |
(Mol.) punctoidea, Kst, ... |
V. |
61 |
|
|
)> |
(Cup.) purpurascens. Fers. |
V. |
60 |
|
|
)J |
pustulata. Fers. ... |
... II. |
188 |
|
|
)* |
(Sar.) pygmaea, Fr. |
... VI. |
23 |
|
|
3) |
(Das.) resinaria, C. ^ P... |
. . . |
... III. |
185 |
|
J) |
(Mol.) retrusa, PA. |
. . . |
... IV. |
122 |
|
» |
(Tap.) rhabdosperma, P. P?’. |
. . . |
V. |
61 |
|
(Das.) rhytismae, PA. |
... VIII. |
101 |
||
|
>> |
(Mol.) rubella. Fers. |
... III. |
122 |
|
|
JJ |
saniosa, Schrad. ... |
II. |
189 |
|
|
J> |
(Hu.) schizospora, Flil. ... |
I. |
129 |
|
|
)) |
(Hu.) semi-immersa, Kant. |
... IV. |
120 |
|
|
;J |
(Cup.) sepiatra, (7Ad. |
. . . |
... III. |
119 |
|
J) |
(Sac.) sepulta, Fr. |
... IV. |
120 |
|
|
33 |
(Das.) stereicola, Cke. |
I. |
133 |
|
|
3? |
(Mol.) Stevensoni, P. Sf Br. |
... III. |
122 |
|
|
33 |
(Phia.) strobilina, Fr. |
II. |
186 |
|
|
33 |
(Hu ) subhirsuta, var. macrocystis, Fhil. |
I. |
229 |
|
|
33 |
(Dasc.) subtilissima, Cke. |
. . . |
... III. |
121 |
|
33 |
succosa, P. |
... III. |
124 |
|
|
33 |
(Cup.) tectoria, Cke. |
... III. |
119 |
|
|
33 |
trichodea, PA. |
. . . |
... III. |
125 |
|
33 |
(Mol.) tripolii, P. ^ Br. ... |
V. |
61 |
|
|
33 |
typhee, Cke. |
I. |
131 |
|
|
33 |
(Mol.) ulcerata, PA. |
... IV. |
122 |
|
|
33 |
(Al.j undata, W . G. S, |
I. 136, II. |
162 |
|
|
33 |
(Mol.) ventosa, K. |
... VIII. |
103 |
|
|
3j |
(Mol.) versicolor, Dez. |
... VIII. |
102 |
|
|
3) |
(Hum.) violascens, Cke. ... |
... IV. |
110 |
|
|
35 |
(Hum.) vivida, Nyl. |
... III. |
120 |
|
|
33 |
(Sare.) Woolliopei, C. 4’ |
... VI. |
75 |
|
|
riiacidiiim caltha, PA. |
... VIII. |
103 |
||
|
„ leptidium, Pr. |
... VIII. |
9 |
||
|
,, radians. Bob. |
... II. |
165 |
||
|
Phallus iosmos, P/^. |
... VI. |
119 |
||
|
PLoma errabunda, Desm. |
. . . |
... III. |
65 |
|
|
Mulieri, Cke. |
... VIII. |
8 |
||
|
pinastri, |
. . . |
... III. |
178 |
|
|
projecta, Cke. |
... |
... III. |
178 |
|
|
yy |
snbordinaria, De. |
... IH. |
65 |
|
|
y y |
vitis, Bon. |
... IV. |
177 |
|
|
Pliragmidium bullatum, bPsf. |
... III. |
65 |
|
Pbysariim |
INDEX TO BRITISH atiTim, Fr. |
FUNGI. |
V. |
G9 13 |
|
nigrum, Fr. |
. . . |
V. |
12 |
|
|
tlieiotenm, Fr. |
V. |
12 |
||
|
tussilaginis, B. Br. |
V. |
12 |
||
|
Plagiostoma devexa, Desm. |
... VI. |
27 |
||
|
Pleospora graminis, Fckl. |
... VIII. |
108 |
||
|
Polyactis galanthina, B. ^ Br. ... |
... II. |
139 |
||
|
Polypo rus |
alutaceus, Fr. |
. . . |
... VIII. |
4 |
|
bathyporus, Rost. blepharistoma, B. ^ Br. |
... VIII. |
5 |
||
|
}f |
... IV. |
39 |
||
|
J5 |
borealis, Fr. |
... IV. |
38 |
|
|
99 |
callosus, Fr. |
... |
... IV. |
38 |
|
carneus, Fr. |
... II. |
134 |
||
|
cerebrinus, B. ^ Br. |
... VIII. |
4 |
||
|
JJ |
collabefactus, B. ^ Br. |
... IV. |
38 |
|
|
?> |
cryptarum, N. |
... VIII. |
5 |
|
|
99 |
farinellus, Fr. |
I. |
115 |
|
|
99 |
floccopus, Rost. |
... IV. |
38 |
|
|
99 |
frondosus, Fr. liiberniciis, B. ^ Br. |
II. |
134 |
|
|
99 |
I. |
115 |
||
|
99 |
Herbcrgii, Rost. |
... VIII. |
5 |
|
|
99 |
hynienocystis, B. ^ Br. |
... VIII. |
6 |
|
|
99 |
Keitbi, B. ^ Br. |
... IV. |
38 |
|
|
99 |
leucomelas, Fr. |
... VI. |
123 |
|
|
99 |
melanopus, Fr. |
I. |
114 |
|
|
99 |
micans, Ehr. |
I. |
115 |
|
|
99 |
mollis, Fr. |
... II. |
134 |
|
|
99 |
penetralis, Sm. |
... IV. |
39 |
|
|
99 |
polymorphus, Rost. ... |
... VIII. |
5 |
|
|
99 |
populinus, Fr. |
I. |
114 |
|
|
99 |
pubescens, Fr. |
... VIII. |
5 |
|
|
99 |
radula, Fr. |
... VIII. |
5 |
|
|
99 |
ramentaceus, B. |
... VIII. |
fi |
|
|
99 |
Eennyi, jB. ^r. |
... IV. |
38 |
|
|
99 |
reticulatus, W. |
... VIII. |
6 |
|
|
99 |
rhodellus, Fr. |
... VIII. |
5 |
|
|
99 |
roseus, i^r. |
... VIII. |
5 |
|
|
99 |
subgelatinosus, B. ^ Br. |
... II. |
8 |
|
|
99 |
trabeus, Fr. |
... IV. |
38 |
|
|
Porotheliiim confasnm, B. ^ Bi\ |
. . . |
... VI. |
123 |
|
|
99 |
Keithii, B. ^ Br. ... |
... VI. |
123 |
|
|
99 |
Stevensoni, B. & Br. |
... VI. |
123 |
|
|
Protomyces chrysosplenii, B. ^ Br, |
... III. |
181 |
||
|
comari, B. & Br. |
... VI. |
126 |
||
|
Fergussoni, B. ^ Br. |
... III. |
181 |
||
|
macrosporus, Ung. ... menyanthes, DeBy ... |
... |
... III. |
124 |
|
|
jj |
... III. |
181 |
||
|
microsporus, Ung. ... |
... |
... III. |
181 |
|
|
sagittarige, F'c/:/. |
. . . |
... III. |
124 |
|
|
Psilopesia |
, myrotliecioides, B. ^ Br. |
... |
... III. |
123 |
70
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI.
|
Psilosphieria rhododendri, Plow. |
... YIII. |
108 |
|
|
rterula multifida, Fr. |
I. |
116 |
|
|
,, subulata, Fi‘. |
. . « |
V. |
11 |
|
Puccinia acuminata, Fckl. |
... IV. |
119 |
|
|
„ adoxfe, D.C. |
... VI. |
73 |
|
|
„ Andersoni, B. ^ Br. ... |
... III. |
179 |
|
|
,, asteris, Fckl. |
...II. 48, |
137 |
|
|
,, bistortge, D.C. |
* • . |
... II. |
161 |
|
„ cirsii, Lasch. |
... IV. |
109 |
|
|
„ Fergussoni, ^ Br. ... |
... III. |
179 |
|
|
,, linearis. Boh. |
... VI. |
73 |
|
|
,, luzulse, Lehert. |
... IV. |
109 |
|
|
„ malvacearum, Ca. |
II. 137,11. |
47 |
|
|
,, moliniie, Tul. |
V. |
57 |
|
|
,, saxifragarum, Sch. |
... |
... VI. |
73 |
|
„ scrophularige, Libert. ... |
. . . |
... III. |
180 |
|
„ senecionis, Lib. |
• • . |
... III. |
179 |
|
,, silenes, Rabli. |
• • • |
... III. |
179 |
|
„ tripolii, Wallr. |
... III. |
180 |
|
|
„ violee, DBy |
... IV. |
109 |
|
|
PyrenopLora trichostoma, Fr. ... |
V. |
122 |
|
|
Padulum aterimum, Fr. |
.. VIII. |
6 |
|
|
„ corallinum, B. ^ Br. ... |
• • • |
... IV. |
66 |
|
„ deglubens, B. ^ Br. ... |
... IV. |
66 |
|
|
„ epileucum, 5. ^ ^7’. ... |
• •• |
... IV. |
66 |
|
„ tomentosum, Fr. |
... IV. |
32 |
|
|
Passtelia carpophila, Bagn. |
... |
... VIII. |
98 |
|
Eamularia armoraciee, Fckl. |
II. 186, III. |
65 |
|
|
,, cryptostegiee. Pirn. ... |
... VIII. |
150 |
|
|
,, destructiva, P. ^ PI. |
• •• |
... VI. |
22 |
|
,, ulmariee, Cke. |
... IV. |
109 |
|
|
„ variabilis, Fck. |
• • • |
... IV. |
120 |
|
„ violae, Fckl. |
• • • |
... IV. |
109 |
|
Eeticularia olivacea, Fr. |
• . . |
V. |
12 |
|
Ehinotrichum decolorans, Cke ... |
• * • |
V. |
58 |
|
Ehizina leevigata, Fr. ... |
... n. |
162 |
|
|
Ehyparobius argenteus, B. 4' Br. |
... II. |
163 |
|
|
,, Cookei, Bond. |
... II. |
163 |
|
|
„ dubius, Bond. |
. ... II. |
163 |
|
|
„ Woolbopensis, Penny |
... II. |
163 |
|
|
Ehytisma empetri, TF. |
V. |
64 |
|
|
,, radicalis, C. |
... VIII. |
9 |
|
|
Eussula consobrina, F>. |
• • • |
... VI. |
122 |
|
,, elephantina, Fr. |
... VIII. |
2 |
|
|
„ fellea, Fr. |
... VIII. |
3 |
|
|
,, galochroa, Fr. |
. . . |
V. |
8 |
|
,, Linneei, Fr. |
. . • |
... VIII. |
3 |
|
„ nauseosa, Fr. |
• • • |
I. |
114 |
|
,, olivacea, Fr. |
• • • |
V. |
7 |
|
,, pectinata, Fr. |
V. |
8 |
|
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI. |
71 |
||
|
Russula Queletii, Fr. |
VI. |
71 |
|
|
•5 |
subfoetens, Sm. |
... II. |
119 |
|
J) |
semicrema, Fr. |
VI. |
122 |
|
V |
xerampelina, Scliwf. |
... VI. |
122 |
|
Saccobolus violascens, Boud. |
... III. |
126 |
|
|
Schinzij |
i alni, P. |
V. |
59 |
|
Schizotliyrium Ptarmicee, Desm.... |
... II. |
164 |
|
|
Scleroderma geaster, Fr. |
I. 40, II. |
137 |
|
|
Septoria avellanse, B. ^ Br. |
V. |
56 |
|
|
)) |
liyperici, Desm. |
... III. |
177 |
|
}> |
mori. Lev. |
... VI. |
72 |
|
stachydis, Desm. |
III. |
177 |
|
|
veronicf», Desm. |
... III. |
177 |
|
|
Sistotrema confluens, P. |
... IV. |
118 |
|
|
Solenia fasciculata, P. |
I. 116, IV. |
119 |
|
|
Sordaria fimicola, Ces. Sc De Not. |
VI. |
28 |
|
|
)) |
fimiseda, Ces. ^ De Not. |
.. VI. |
28 |
|
)) |
maxima, Niessl. |
... VJII. |
107 |
|
5) |
microspora, B. ^ Ph. ... |
... VI. |
28 |
|
5 J |
minuta, Wint. |
... VI. |
28 |
|
>> |
platyspora, P. Ph. |
VI. |
28 |
|
Sorosporiuni, scabies, De By. ... |
II. |
73 |
|
|
trientalis, Won. |
VI. |
73 |
|
|
Sparassis crispa, Fr. |
I. |
75 |
|
|
Sphaerella atomus, |
III. |
169 |
|
|
brachy theca, Cke. |
VII. |
88 |
|
|
chlouna, Cke. |
V. |
121 |
|
|
ditricha, Fr. |
III. |
68 |
|
|
p |
euphorbise, P. 4' Ph. ... |
VI. |
28 |
|
P |
glomerata, Cke- |
... III. |
69 |
|
p |
hederaecola, Fr. |
III. |
96 |
|
p |
innumerella, K. |
VIII. |
109 |
|
n |
iridis, Gon. ^ R. |
... II. |
88 |
|
55 |
juncina, Awd. |
V. |
121 |
|
peregrina, Cke. |
... VII. |
88 |
|
|
P |
perpusilla, Desm. |
V. |
122 |
|
55 |
scirpi lacustris, Awd. |
V. |
121 |
|
55 |
taxi, Cke. |
... VI. |
128 |
|
Sph seria |
, aparines, Fckl. |
... VI. |
27 |
|
55 |
applanata, Niessl |
... III. 126, V. |
63 |
|
55 |
aucuparise, Lasch. |
... VIII. |
108 |
|
55 |
breviseta, Rbh. |
... ... II. |
187 |
|
55 |
hvyomde, Fckl. |
III. 68, VI. |
27 |
|
55 |
caninse, P. Pl. |
VI. |
27 |
|
>5 |
carbonaria, P. Sf P. |
... II. |
188 |
|
5 5 |
cetraricola, Nyl. |
III. |
68 |
|
55 |
clara, Awd. |
V. |
121 |
|
55 |
conica, Fckl. |
... II. |
187 |
|
55 |
corniella, C. |
... VIII. |
10 |
|
55 |
crinigera, Cke. |
I. |
156 |
72
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI.
Spligeria culmorum, Cke.
,, cupulifeva, B. 4' Br.
„ curvula, De Bij.
,, var. aloides, Wint.
„ discospora, Aivd.
„ donacina, Fr.
,, empetri, Fr.
„ epilobii, Fckl.
„ epicarecta, Cke
„ equorum, Wint.
„ euphorbiae, Cke.
,, felina, idcX7.
„ filicum, Desm.
,, graphis, Fckl.
„ helicoma, P. ^ PI.
„ heliocharis,
„ hyperici, Plow.
„ Keithii, P. Sf Br.
„ labiatae, Cke.
„ Laschii,
„ lichenicola, DeNot.
„ maculans, Desm.
„ mammillana, Pr.
„ maritima, C. ^ F.
„ marram, Cke.
„ membranacea, P. ^ Pr.
„ merdaria, Fr.
„ Michotii,
,, nardi, Fr.
„ nigrofactae, Cke.
„ Norfolcia, Cke.
„ Notarisii, Car.
„ occulta,
„ orthoceras, Pr.
„ ostioloidea, Cke.
„ paedida, P. Pr.
„ parallela, Fr. ...
„ parmeliarum, Pli.
„ pinophila, PA.
„ pomiformis, P.
„ pontiformis, Fckl.
„ refracta, Cke.
„ resecans,
„ revelata, P. ^ Pr.
„ rbodobapha, P. ^ Pr.
„ rubelloides, P/.
,, rubicunda, Niessl.
„ samaricola, P. ^ P.
„ scirpi, P. P.
„ scobina, Nke.
|
III. |
68 |
|
I. |
156 |
|
lY. |
113 |
|
V. |
63 |
|
11. |
181 |
|
YI. |
27 |
|
Y. |
63 |
|
Y. |
63 |
|
Y. |
120 |
|
lY. |
124 |
|
III. |
67 |
|
I. |
156 |
|
YIU. |
109 |
|
Y. |
64 |
|
YI. |
26 |
|
YI. |
27 |
|
YIII. |
108 |
|
Y. |
62 |
|
Y. |
63 |
|
III. |
68 |
|
I. |
156 |
|
YI. |
128 |
|
I. |
175 |
|
Y. |
120 |
|
Y. |
120 |
|
lY. |
68 |
|
lY. |
123 |
|
Y. |
119 |
|
20, YI. |
27 |
|
11. |
164 |
|
Y. |
120 |
|
<1 |
113 |
|
III. |
68 |
|
Y. |
64 |
|
lY. |
113 |
|
III. |
164 |
|
I. |
174 |
|
lY. |
124 |
|
lY. |
124 |
|
I. |
156 |
|
Y. |
120 |
|
Y. |
119 |
|
lY. |
124 |
|
YIII. |
108 |
|
I. |
174 |
|
Y. |
120 |
|
YI. |
27 |
|
III. |
126 |
|
II. |
164 |
|
III. |
67 |
|
INDEX TO BRITISH S2)lH!ena Spina, i^cX7. |
FUNGI. |
... III. |
73 126 |
|
,, snbri[)aria, Cke. |
V. |
121 |
|
|
,, surrecta, Cke |
V. |
119 |
|
|
„ Stevensoni, B. 4' Br. |
... VI. |
128 |
|
|
,, thallina, C. „ tjphaBcola, Cke. |
... VIII. |
10 |
|
|
... |
V. |
121 |
|
|
,, vincse, Cke. |
• • |
... V. |
63 |
|
„ vulgaris, Niessl. |
... VI. |
27 |
|
|
„ Winteri, P. ^ P. |
... II. |
108 |
|
|
Sphaeronema aemulans, B. 4 Br. |
... II. |
137 |
|
|
Sphinctrina corerneoides, B. 4 |
... II. |
16.5 |
|
|
Sp ilocaea pomi, |
II. 64, II. |
162 |
|
|
Spondylocladium fumosum, Prues. |
I. |
20 |
|
|
Sporidesmium cladospori, Fckl. |
... III. |
65 |
|
|
„ digitatum, C. |
... VIEI. |
8 |
|
|
,, parasiticum, Cke. ... |
... VI. |
74 |
|
|
„ triglochinis, B. 4 Br. |
V. |
57 |
|
|
Sporocybe minima, Cke. |
» . • |
V. |
118 |
|
yporormia liguicola, P. 4 PI. |
... VI. |
29 |
|
|
„ megalospora, Awd. |
... VI. |
29 |
|
|
„ rnimmdi, Awd. |
... VIII. |
108 |
|
|
„ octomera, Awd. |
... VI. |
29 |
|
|
„ pulchra, Hans. |
... VIII. |
108 |
|
|
Stemonitis pulchella, ^(2^. |
... II. |
188 |
|
|
fStereum frustulosum, Pr. |
I. |
116 |
|
|
,, ochroleucum, Fr. |
... VIII. |
7 |
|
|
„ pini, Fr. |
... IV. |
118 |
|
|
„ rufum, Fr. |
V. |
10 |
|
|
„ vorticosum, Fr. |
V. |
10 |
|
|
Stictis Berkleyana, D. E. 4 Lev.... |
... VI. |
25 |
|
|
,, gramineum, Desm. ,, lecanora, «S'cAm. var. pyri. ... |
I. |
132 |
|
|
V. |
62 |
||
|
„ licbenicola. Lev. |
« • • |
... IV. |
123 |
|
,, seriata, Alont. Stilbum cuneiferum, B. 4 ••• |
• •• |
... IV. |
123 |
|
• • • |
... III. |
181 |
|
|
„ melleum, B. 4 |
• • • |
V. |
57 |
|
„ orbiculare, B. 4 |
• • • |
... VI. |
127 |
|
,, Stevensoni, B. 4 Stysanus putredinis, Ca. |
• • • |
... VI. |
1^6 |
|
... VI. |
126 |
||
|
Synchytrium anemones, Wor. |
... II. |
162 |
|
|
„ mercurialis, Fckl. |
... II. |
162 |
|
|
„ taraxaci, De By. 4 Wor. |
... II. |
162 |
|
|
Thamnidium elegans, Lk. „ Van Tieghemi, B. 4 |
... III. |
184 |
|
|
. . . |
... III. |
184 |
|
|
Thecophora hyalina, Fing. |
... II. |
986 |
|
|
Thelephora clavularis, Fr. |
• •• |
V. |
9 |
|
„ crassa, Lev. |
• • • |
... VI. |
124 |
|
„ Crustacea, Fr. |
• • • |
V. |
9 |
|
„ intybacea, Fr. |
. . . |
... IV. |
68 |
|
„ multizonata, B. |
... |
I. |
75 |
74
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI.
Thelepliora pallida, Fr.
,, undulata, F?\
Tilletia bullata, Fckl.
Torrubia myrinecophila, Tul. Torula piiiopbila, Cke.
„ profusa, Wall.
„ splendens, Cke.
,, ulinicola, Rhli.
Tranietes Bulliardi, Fr.
,, inodora, Fr.
,, purpurascens, ^
„ Terrei, B. ^ Br.
Tricbia scabra, Rost.
Tricbobasis Lynchii, B.
Typhula gracillimum. White ,, translucens, B. 8^ Br. Uredo alcheniillse, P.
,, Betse, Kuhl.
Urocystis gladioli, Sm.
,, sorosporioides, Koean.
Urorayces alchemillas, BC.
,, alliorum, DC.
apiculatus. Lev. appendiculatus. Lev. avicularise, Schr. Belienis, Lev.
Betae, Kuhn. concentricus. Lev. concomitans, B. 4' Br. excavatus, DC.
Fabse, Fckl. ficariae. Lev. geranii, BC. graminum, C. junci, Tul. limonii. Lev. ornithogali, Ijev. orobi, Fckl. parnassiae, Schr. phaseolorum. Be By. pisi. Be By. rumicum. Lev. salicorniae, scrophulari^e. Lib. scutellatus. Lev. sparsa. Lev. urticae, Che. valerianse, Fckl. Candollei, Tul. Ustilago intermedia, Schroter ... ,, Kuhniaiia, Wolff.
|
• • • |
V. |
6 |
|
...VIIL |
7 |
|
|
V. |
118 |
|
|
• • • |
III. |
126 |
|
IV. |
119 |
|
|
... |
III. |
124 |
|
III. |
178 |
|
|
III. |
124 |
|
|
• • • |
I. |
115 |
|
... |
V. |
9 |
|
VIII. |
6 |
|
|
• • • |
V. |
9 |
|
VI. |
71 |
|
|
VI. |
126 |
|
|
• • • |
VI. |
124 |
|
• • • |
V. |
11 |
|
• • • |
III. |
124 |
|
• • • |
IV. |
119 |
|
• • • |
V. |
57 |
|
• • • |
VI. |
73 |
|
• • • |
VII. |
186 |
|
• • • |
VII. |
138 |
|
• • • |
VII. |
136 |
|
VII. |
135 |
|
|
VII. |
136 |
|
|
II. 137 |
, VII. |
134 |
|
• • • |
VII. |
137 |
|
VII. |
138 |
|
|
• • • |
III. |
181 |
|
II. 161 |
, vn. |
138 |
|
• • • |
VII. |
135 |
|
VII. |
134 |
|
|
III. 188; |
, VII. |
134 |
|
• • • |
VII. |
138 |
|
• • • |
VII. |
139 |
|
• • • |
VII. |
134 |
|
... |
VII. |
138 |
|
• • • |
VII. |
135 |
|
• • • |
VII. |
134 |
|
• • • |
VII. |
135 |
|
• • • |
VII. |
135 |
|
VII. |
136 |
|
|
• • • |
VII. |
137 |
|
vn. |
136 |
|
|
• • • |
VII. |
137 |
|
• . • |
VII. |
137 |
|
• • • |
VII. |
137 |
|
• • • |
VII. |
137 |
|
• • • |
V. |
57 |
|
• • • |
IV. |
57 |
|
• • . |
V. |
54 |
INDEX TO BRITISH FUNGI.
Valsa abnipta, C.
,, ceiithospori, C. ...
,, cornicola, C.
„ cypi-i, Till.
,, Fuckelii, Nke. ...
„ laiirocerasi, Tul.
,, microspora, C. ^ P.
„ alcbemilla3, B. ^ Br.
Venturia atramentaria, Cke.
,, glomerata, Cke.
,, potentillge, Cke.
Verticicladium trifidum, Breuss.
Yerticillium agaricinum, Bou. ... „ asperofillus, B. ^ Br.
Yibrissea guernisaci, Cr.
,, Margarita, Wh.
,, microscop ica, B. Br.
„ truncorum, Fr.
Yirgasporium maculatum, Cke,
Yolutellaroseolum,
,, stipitatum, B. ^ Br. ...
Xylaria scotica, Cke.
,, tortuosa, Cke.
lY.
|
75 |
|
|
... YII. |
83 |
|
... YII. |
83 |
|
... YII. |
83 |
|
I. |
155 |
|
... YII. |
83 |
|
113, YIII. |
107 |
|
... YII. |
82 |
|
... lY. |
68 |
|
I. |
175 |
|
... III. |
69 |
|
... YI. |
76 |
|
... YI. |
23 |
|
I. 184, II. |
139 |
|
... II. |
139 |
|
... lY. |
120 |
|
... II. |
162 |
|
Y. |
59 |
|
... III. |
124 |
|
... III. |
182 |
|
I. |
20 |
|
I. |
20 |
|
... lY. |
121 |
|
... YIII. |
10 |
COED COCH AND COLWYN FUNGI.
By invitation of Mrs. Lloyd Wynne and Mr. A. 0. Walker, a party of mycologists visited these localities for two or three days, from the 9tli October ; and the following list includes the majority of species found during the excursions. Others have been col- lected since by the Rev. M. J. Berkeley, of which a